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A class of systems is considered, where immobile species associated to distinct patches, the nodes of a network, interact both locally and at a long-range, as specified by an (interaction) adjacency matrix. Non local interactions are…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-06-30 Giulia Cencetti , Federico Battiston , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli

Turing patterns formed by activator-inhibitor systems on networks are considered. The linear stability analysis shows that the Turing instability generally occurs when the inhibitor diffuses sufficiently faster than the activator. Numerical…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2010-04-29 Hiroya Nakao , Alexander S. Mikhailov

Reaction-diffusion processes across layered media arise in several scientific domains such as pattern-forming E. coli on agar substrates, epidermal-mesenchymal coupling in development, and symmetry-breaking in cell polarisation. We develop…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-09-18 Andrew L. Krause , Václav Klika , Jacob Halatek , Paul K. Grant , Thomas E. Woolley , Neil Dalchau , Eamonn A. Gaffney

The Turing instability is a paradigmatic route to patterns formation in reaction-diffusion systems. Following a diffusion-driven instability, homogeneous fixed points can become unstable when subject to external perturbation. As a…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2015-09-02 Joseph D. Challenger , Raffaella Burioni , Duccio Fanelli

The concept of Turing instability, namely that diffusion can destabilize the uniform steady state, is well known either in the context of partial differential equations (PDEs) or in networks of dynamical systems. Recently reaction-diffusion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Christian Kuehn , Cinzia Soresina

The theory of patterns formation for a reaction-diffusion system defined on a multiplex is developed by means of a perturbative approach. The intra-layer diffusion constants act as small parameter in the expansion and the unperturbed state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-22 Malbor Asllani , Daniel M. Busiello , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Gwendoline Planchon

Diffusion-driven instability is a fundamental mechanism underlying pattern formation in spatially extended systems. In almost all existing works, diffusion across the links of the underlying network is modeled through scalar weights,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-16 Anna Gallo , Wilfried Segnou , Timoteo Carletti

Turing instabilities for a two species reaction-diffusion systems is studied under anisotropic diffusion. More specifically, the diffusion constants which characterize the ability of the species to relocate in space are direction sensitive.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-30 Daniel M. Busiello , Gwendoline Planchon , Malbor Asllani , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli

Turing patterns are stationary, wave-like structures that emerge from the nonequilibrium assembly of reactive and diffusive components. While they are foundational in biophysics, their classical formulation relies on a single characteristic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-30 Siamak Mirfendereski , Ankur Gupta

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the pattern formation phenomenon in reaction-diffusion equations coupled with ordinary differential equations. Such systems of equations arise, for example, from modeling of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Anna Marciniak-Czochra , Grzegorz Karch , Kanako Suzuki

The theory of pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems is extended to the case of a directed network. Due to the structure of the network Laplacian of the scrutinised system, the dispersion relation has both real and imaginary parts,…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2014-08-01 Malbor Asllani , Joseph D. Challenger , Francesco Saverio Pavone , Leonardo Sacconi , Duccio Fanelli

The advances in understanding complex networks have generated increasing interest in dynamical processes occurring on them. Pattern formation in activator-inhibitor systems has been studied in networks, revealing differences from the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-06-09 Nikos E. Kouvaris , Shigefumi Hata , Albert Díaz-Guilera

Turing (or double-diffusive) instabilities describe pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems, and were proposed in 1952 as a potential mechanism behind pattern formation in nature, such as leopard spots and zebra stripes. Because the…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-04-29 M. W. Noble , M. R. Tonks , S. P. Fitzgerald

Pattern formation from homogeneity is well-studied, but less is known concerning symmetry-breaking instabilities in heterogeneous media. It is nontrivial to separate observed spatial patterning due to inherent spatial heterogeneity from…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2019-12-10 Andrew L. Krause , Václav Klika , Thomas E. Woolley , Eamonn A. Gaffney

Many cellular patterns exhibit a reaction-diffusion component, suggesting that Turing instability may contribute to pattern formation. However, biological gene-regulatory pathways are more complex than simple Turing activator-inhibitor…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-05 Hazlam S. Ahmad Shaberi , Aibek Kappassov , Antonio Matas-Gil , Robert G. Endres

The emergence of stable disordered patterns in reactive system on spatially homogenous substrate is studied in the context of vegetation patterns in the semi-arid climatic zone. It is shown that reaction-diffusion systems that allow for…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2009-11-11 Alon Manor , Nadav M. Shnerb

Long after Turing's seminal Reaction-Diffusion (RD) model, the elegance of his fundamental equations alleviated much of the skepticism surrounding pattern formation. Though Turing model is a simplification and an idealization, it is one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Litu Rout

We study emergent oscillatory behavior in networks of diffusively coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Starting from a situation where each isolated node possesses a globally attracting equilibrium point, we give, for an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Eddie Nijholt , Tiago Pereira , Fernando C. Queiroz , Dmitry Turaev

We hereby develop the theory of Turing instability for reaction-diffusion systems defined on complex networks assuming finite propagation. Extending to networked systems the framework introduced by Cattaneo in the 40's, we remove the…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-10-22 Timoteo Carletti , Riccardo Muolo

Hyperbolic reaction-diffusion equations have recently attracted attention both for their application to a variety of biological and chemical phenomena, and for their distinct features in terms of propagation speed and novel instabilities…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2022-08-17 Joshua Ritchie , Andrew L. Krause , Robert A. Van Gorder