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Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have significantly advanced the performance of machine learning tasks on graphs. However, this technological breakthrough makes people wonder: how does a GNN make such decisions, and can we trust its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Xiaoqi Wang , Han-Wei Shen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively developed for graph representation learning in various application domains. However, similar to all other neural networks models, GNNs suffer from the black-box problem as people cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Peibo Li , Yixing Yang , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Despite the wide application of Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), one major limitation is that it does not benefit from the increasing depth and suffers from the oversmoothing problem. In this work, we first characterize this phenomenon…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a popular approach for predicting graph structured data. As GNNs tightly entangle the input graph into the neural network structure, common explainable AI approaches are not applicable. To a large extent,…

Explaining the foundations for predictions obtained from graph neural networks (GNNs) is critical for credible use of GNN models for real-world problems. Owing to the rapid growth of GNN applications, recent progress in explaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Hyeoncheol Cho , Youngrock Oh , Eunjoo Jeon

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a popular technique for modelling graph-structured data and computing node-level representations via aggregation of information from the neighborhood of each node. However, this aggregation implies an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Ameya Daigavane , Gagan Madan , Aditya Sinha , Abhradeep Guha Thakurta , Gaurav Aggarwal , Prateek Jain

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a notorious alternative to address learning problems dealing with non-Euclidean datasets. However, although most works assume that the graph is perfectly known, the observed topology is prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Victor M. Tenorio , Samuel Rey , Antonio G. Marques

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as the leading paradigm for solving graph analytical problems in various real-world applications. Nevertheless, GNNs could potentially render biased predictions towards certain demographic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yushun Dong , Song Wang , Jing Ma , Ninghao Liu , Jundong Li

Explaining Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has garnered significant attention due to the need for interpretability, enabling users to understand the behavior of these black-box models better and extract valuable insights from their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiaxing Zhang , Xiaoou Liu , Dongsheng Luo , Hua Wei

Enhancing the interpretability of graph neural networks (GNNs) is crucial to ensure their safe and fair deployment. Recent work has introduced self-explainable GNNs that generate explanations as part of training, improving both faithfulness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Fanzhen Liu , Xiaoxiao Ma , Jian Yang , Alsharif Abuadbba , Kristen Moore , Surya Nepal , Cecile Paris , Quan Z. Sheng , Jia Wu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by additionally making use of graph structure based on the relational inductive bias (edge bias), rather than treating the nodes as collections of independent and identically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are highly effective on a variety of graph-related tasks; however, they lack interpretability and transparency. Current explainability approaches are typically local and treat GNNs as black-boxes. They do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Han Xuanyuan , Pietro Barbiero , Dobrik Georgiev , Lucie Charlotte Magister , Pietro Lió

The graph neural network (GNN) has demonstrated its superior performance in various applications. The working mechanism behind it, however, remains mysterious. GNN models are designed to learn effective representations for graph-structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Zepeng Zhang , Ziping Zhao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) often perform better for high-degree nodes than low-degree nodes on node classification tasks. This degree bias can reinforce social marginalization by, e.g., privileging celebrities and other high-degree actors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Arjun Subramonian , Jian Kang , Yizhou Sun

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become increasingly important due to their representational power and state-of-the-art predictive performance on many fundamental learning tasks. Despite this success, GNNs suffer from fairness issues that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 April Chen , Ryan A. Rossi , Namyong Park , Puja Trivedi , Yu Wang , Tong Yu , Sungchul Kim , Franck Dernoncourt , Nesreen K. Ahmed

Graphs play an important role in many applications. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising results in graph analysis tasks. Some state-of-the-art GNN models have been proposed, e.g., Graph Convolutional Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Yaoman Li , Irwin King

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated a significant boost in prediction performance on graph data. At the same time, the predictions made by these models are often hard to interpret. In that regard, many efforts have been made to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Yiqiao Li , Jianlong Zhou , Sunny Verma , Fang Chen

We present Graph Neural Diffusion (GRAND) that approaches deep learning on graphs as a continuous diffusion process and treats Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) as discretisations of an underlying PDE. In our model, the layer structure and…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great ability in modeling graph-structured data for various domains. However, GNNs are known as black-box models that lack interpretability. Without understanding their inner working, we cannot fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as an efficient alternative to convolutional approaches for vision tasks such as image classification, leveraging patch-based representations instead of raw pixels. These methods construct graphs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Nikolaos Chaidos , Angeliki Dimitriou , Nikolaos Spanos , Athanasios Voulodimos , Giorgos Stamou