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The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism describes a physical process for the energy extraction from a spinning black hole (BH), which is believed to power a great variety of astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and Gamma…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-24 Zhen Pan , Cong Yu

The Blandford-Znajek process, which uses a magnetized plasma to extract energy from a rotating black hole, is one of the leading candidates for powering relativistic jets. In this work, we investigate the Blandford-Znajek process in two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-07 Jameson Dong , Nicolás Patiño , Yiqi Xie , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Charles F. Gammie , Nicolás Yunes

The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is an electromagnetic manifestation of the Penrose process that currently constitutes the best theoretical candidate to explain the launching of relativistic jets by black holes. In this talk we offer a modern…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-14 F. Camilloni

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism is widely recognised as the most compelling process to extract rotational energy from an accreting black hole and power the emission of relativistic jets. We explore the universality of this process for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-02 Filippo Camilloni , Luciano Rezzolla

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process is steady electromagnetic energy release from rotating black holes (BHs) along magnetic field lines threading them and widely believed to drive relativistic jets. This process is successfully demonstrated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-18 Kenji Toma , Fumio Takahara , Masanori Nakamura

The Blandford and Znajek (BZ) split-monopole serves as an important theoretical example of the mechanism that can drive the electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes. It is constructed as a perturbative low spin solution of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-22 Filippo Camilloni , Oscar J. C. Dias , Gianluca Grignani , Troels Harmark , Roberto Oliveri , Marta Orselli , Andrea Placidi , Jorge E. Santos

Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism describes a process extracting rotation energy from a spinning black hole (BH) via magnetic field lines penetrating the event horizon of central BH. In this paper, we present a perturbation approach to study…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-14 Zhen Pan , Cong Yu

Several issues regarding the Blandford-Znajek process are discussed to demonstrate that it can be an effective mechanism for powering the gamma ray bursts. Using a simple circuit analysis it is argued that the disk power increases the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hyun Kyu Lee , G. E. Brown , R. A. M. J. Wijers

We consider the Blandford-Znajek process of electromagnetic extraction of energy from a general axially symmetric asymptotically flat slowly rotating black hole. Using the general parametrization of the black-hole spacetime we construct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-03 R. A. Konoplya , J. Kunz , A. Zhidenko

Blandford-Znajek mechanism, by which the rotational energy of a black hole is extracted through electromagnetic fields, is one of the promising candidates as an essential process of the central engine of active compact objects such as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Kentarou Tanabe , Shigehiro Nagataki

We provide a semi-analytic comparison between the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) and the magnetic reconnection power for accreting black holes in the curved spacetime of a rotating black hole. Our main result is that for a realistic range of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-13 Chandra B. Singh , David Garofalo , Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process powers energetic jets by extracting the rotating energy of a Kerr black hole. It is important to understand this process in non-Kerr black hole spacetimes. In this study, we conduct two-dimensional and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-09 Hong-Xuan Jiang , Indu K. Dihingia , Cheng Liu , Yosuke Mizuno , Tao Zhu

The Blandford-Znajek monopole is a conjectured solution of force-free electrodynamics in the vicinity of a slowly rotating Kerr black hole, supposedly defined as a perturbation in small angular momentum. It is used to argue for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-07 Gianluca Grignani , Troels Harmark , Marta Orselli

The possibility of extracting energy from a rotating black hole via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism represents a cornerstone of relativistic astrophysics. We present general-relativistic collisionless kinetic simulations of Kerr black-hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-19 Claudio Meringolo , Filippo Camilloni , Luciano Rezzolla

According to the Blandford-Znajek mechanism, black hole jets are powered by the rotational energy of the compact object. In this work, we consider the possibility that the metric around black holes may not be described by the Kerr solution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-04 Guancheng Pei , Sourabh Nampalliwar , Cosimo Bambi , Matthew J. Middleton

The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is the continuous extraction of energy from a rotating black hole via plasma currents flowing on magnetic field lines threading the horizon. In the discovery paper, Blandford and Znajek demonstrated the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-07 Jay Armas , Yangyang Cai , Geoffrey Compére , David Garfinkle , Samuel E. Gralla

The Blandford-Znajek theory (1977) is generally studied to understand the generation of powerful relativistic jets. However, it could also give important insights about the feedback between a rotating black hole, its ergosphere, and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-18 Luigi Foschini

As a complementary or companion process to the Blandford-Znajek mechanism for the rotational energy extraction from a Kerr black hole to serve as a viable model for the central engine of quasar, AGN and even GRB, the magnetic alignment…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hongsu Kim , Hyun Kyu Lee , Chul H. Lee

During the three decades since its theoretical discovery the Blandford-Znajek process of extracting the rotational energy of black holes has become one of the foundation stones in the building of modern relativistic astrophysics. However,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-02 S. S. Komissarov

The Blandford-Znajek process, one of the most promising model for powering the relativistic jets from black holes, was initially introduced as a mechanism in which the magnetic fields extract energy from a rotating black hole. We study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-12 Milton Ruiz , Carlos Palenzuela , Filippo Galeazzi , Carles Bona
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