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Most recent neural semi-supervised learning algorithms rely on adding small perturbation to either the input vectors or their representations. These methods have been successful on computer vision tasks as the images form a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Alexander Hanbo Li , Abhinav Sethy

In recent years, considerable research has been dedicated to the application of neural models in the field of natural language generation (NLG). The primary objective is to generate text that is both linguistically natural and human-like,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Chen Tang , Frank Guerin , Chenghua Lin

The need for interpretability in deep learning has driven interest in counterfactual explanations, which identify minimal changes to an instance that change a model's prediction. Current counterfactual (CF) generation methods require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Van Bach Nguyen , Christin Seifert , Jörg Schlötterer

Transformer language models generate text autoregressively, making inference latency proportional to the number of tokens generated. Speculative decoding reduces this latency without sacrificing output quality, by leveraging a small draft…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Clara Mohri , Haim Kaplan , Tal Schuster , Yishay Mansour , Amir Globerson

Auto-regressive neural sequence models have been shown to be effective across text generation tasks. However, their left-to-right decoding order prevents generation from being parallelized. Insertion Transformer (Stern et al., 2019) is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Zhisong Zhang , Yizhe Zhang , Bill Dolan

Large language models (LM) based on Transformers allow to generate plausible long texts. In this paper, we explore how this generation can be further controlled at decoding time to satisfy certain constraints (e.g. being non-toxic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Antoine Chaffin , Vincent Claveau , Ewa Kijak

Transformer-based pretrained language models (LMs) are ubiquitous across natural language understanding, but cannot be applied to long sequences such as stories, scientific articles and long documents, due to their quadratic complexity.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Maor Ivgi , Uri Shaham , Jonathan Berant

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, but face significant challenges in widespread deployment due to their high runtime cost. In this paper, we introduce SeedLM, a novel post-training compression method…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) incorporates external knowledge into large language models (LLMs), improving their adaptability to downstream tasks and enabling information updates. Surprisingly, recent empirical evidence demonstrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yang Sun , Zhiyong Xie , Lixin Zou , Dan Luo , Min Tang , Xiangyu Zhao , Yunwei Zhao , Xixun Lin , Yanxiong Lu , Chenliang Li

Constrained decoding approaches aim to control the meaning or style of text generated by the pre-trained large language models (LLMs or also PLMs) for various tasks at inference time. However, these methods often guide plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chen Xu , Tian Lan , Yu Ji , Changlong Yu , Wei Wang , Jun Gao , Qunxi Dong , Kun Qian , Piji Li , Wei Bi , Bin Hu

We present a novel neurosymbolic framework for RDF-to-text generation, in which the model is "trained" through collaborative interactions among multiple LLM agents rather than traditional backpropagation. The LLM agents produce rule-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Mateusz Lango , Ondřej Dušek

Edit-based approaches have recently shown promising results on multiple monolingual sequence transduction tasks. In contrast to conventional sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) models, which learn to generate text from scratch as they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Kostiantyn Omelianchuk , Vipul Raheja , Oleksandr Skurzhanskyi

Large language models achieve strong machine translation quality but incur high inference cost and latency, posing challenges for simultaneous translation. Re-translation provides a practical solution for off-the-shelf LLMs by repeatedly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Linxiao Zeng , Haoyun Deng , Kangyuan Shu , Shizhen Wang

To ensure that text generated by large language models (LLMs) is in an expected format, constrained decoding proposes to enforce strict formal language constraints during generation. However, as we show in this work, not only do such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Luca Beurer-Kellner , Marc Fischer , Martin Vechev

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have been extraordinary, yet the escalating inference costs associated with them present challenges in real-world applications. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai

Contrastive Decoding (CD) has emerged as an effective inference-time strategy for enhancing open-ended text generation by exploiting the divergence in output probabilities between a large expert language model and a smaller amateur model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jaydip Sen , Subhasis Dasgupta , Hetvi Waghela

Despite considerable advancements with deep neural language models (LMs), neural text generation still suffers from degeneration: the generated text is repetitive, generic, self-contradictory, and often lacks commonsense. Our analyses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Yue Dong , Chandra Bhagavatula , Ximing Lu , Jena D. Hwang , Antoine Bosselut , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Yejin Choi

Lossless speculative decoding accelerates target large language model (LLM) inference by employing a lightweight draft model for generating tree-structured candidates, which are subsequently verified in parallel by the target LLM.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Lujun Gui , Bin Xiao , Lei Su , Weipeng Chen

Despite their impressive performance, large language models (LMs) still struggle with reliably generating complex output structures when not finetuned to follow the required output format exactly. To address this issue, grammar-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Saibo Geng , Martin Josifoski , Maxime Peyrard , Robert West

Assessing the quality of LLM-generated text remains a fundamental challenge in natural language processing. Current evaluation approaches often rely on isolated metrics or simplistic aggregations that fail to capture the nuanced trade-offs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Esteban Garces Arias , Hannah Blocher , Julian Rodemann , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christoph Jansen