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The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced critical security challenges, where adversarial actors can manipulate input prompts to cause significant harm and circumvent safety alignments. These prompt-based attacks…

Personality detection aims to detect one's personality traits underlying in social media posts. One challenge of this task is the scarcity of ground-truth personality traits which are collected from self-report questionnaires. Most existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Linmei Hu , Hongyu He , Duokang Wang , Ziwang Zhao , Yingxia Shao , Liqiang Nie

The powerful ability to understand, follow, and generate complex language emerging from large language models (LLMs) makes LLM-generated text flood many areas of our daily lives at an incredible speed and is widely accepted by humans. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Yulin Yuan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but often suffer from hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers an effective solution by incorporating external knowledge, but existing methods still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Yujia Zhou , Yongkang Wu , Zhonghua Li , Qi Ye , Zhicheng Dou

We formalize the problem of prompt compression for large language models (LLMs) and present a framework to unify token-level prompt compression methods which create hard prompts for black-box models. We derive the distortion-rate function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Alliot Nagle , Adway Girish , Marco Bondaschi , Michael Gastpar , Ashok Vardhan Makkuva , Hyeji Kim

Large language models (LLMs) are solidifying their position in the modern world as effective tools for the automatic generation of text. Their use is quickly becoming commonplace in fields such as education, healthcare, and scientific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Luka Terčon , Kaja Dobrovoljc

Large Language Model (LLM) applications are vulnerable to prompt injection and context manipulation attacks that traditional security models cannot prevent. We introduce two novel primitives--authenticated prompts and authenticated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mohan Rajagopalan , Vinay Rao

This research investigates prompt designs of evaluating generated texts using large language models (LLMs). While LLMs are increasingly used for scoring various inputs, creating effective prompts for open-ended text evaluation remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 KuanChao Chu , Yi-Pei Chen , Hideki Nakayama

Product review generation is an important task in recommender systems, which could provide explanation and persuasiveness for the recommendation. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs, e.g., ChatGPT) have shown superior text modeling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Qiyao Peng , Hongtao Liu , Hongyan Xu , Qing Yang , Minglai Shao , Wenjun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining traction as a method to generate consensus statements and aggregate preferences in digital democracy experiments. Yet, LLMs could introduce critical vulnerabilities in these systems. Here, we examine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jairo Gudiño-Rosero , Clément Contet , Umberto Grandi , César A. Hidalgo

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional language generation capabilities in response to text-based prompts. However, controlling the direction of generation via textual prompts has been challenging, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Rohan Deepak Ajwani , Zining Zhu , Jonathan Rose , Frank Rudzicz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

Despite their remarkable capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are found to be surprisingly sensitive to minor variations in prompts, often generating significantly divergent outputs in response to minor variations in the prompts, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Anwoy Chatterjee , H S V N S Kowndinya Renduchintala , Sumit Bhatia , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their ability to mimic human language. Identifying texts generated by LLMs is crucial for understanding their capabilities and mitigating potential consequences. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Anjali Rawal , Hui Wang , Youjia Zheng , Yu-Hsuan Lin , Shanu Sushmita

Generative Language Models (LMs) such as ChatGPT have exhibited remarkable performance across various downstream tasks. Nevertheless, one of their most prominent drawbacks is generating inaccurate or false information with a confident tone.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Haixia Han , Jiaqing Liang , Jie Shi , Qianyu He , Yanghua Xiao

Despite the successes of large language models (LLMs), they exhibit significant drawbacks, particularly when processing long contexts. Their inference cost scales quadratically with respect to sequence length, making it expensive for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Thomas Merth , Qichen Fu , Mohammad Rastegari , Mahyar Najibi

The emergence of large language models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) used by ChatGPT, has profoundly impacted the academic and broader community. While these models offer numerous advantages in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zhicheng Dou , Yuchen Guo , Ching-Chun Chang , Huy H. Nguyen , Isao Echizen

Current large language models (LLMs) provide a strong foundation for large-scale user-oriented natural language tasks. A large number of users can easily inject adversarial text or instructions through the user interface, thus causing LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Qinkai Yu , Chengzhi Liu , Haochen Xue , Xiaobo Jin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success in the field of natural language processing. However, the black-box nature of their internal mechanisms has brought many concerns about their trustworthiness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhibo Zhang , Wuxia Bai , Yuxi Li , Mark Huasong Meng , Kailong Wang , Ling Shi , Li Li , Jun Wang , Haoyu Wang

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have achieved impressive results, yet existing models often struggle with simple or underspecified prompts, leading to suboptimal image-text alignment, aesthetics, and quality. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ruibo Chen , Jiacheng Pan , Heng Huang , Zhenheng Yang