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Transformer-based models have been achieving state-of-the-art results in several fields of Natural Language Processing. However, its direct application to speech tasks is not trivial. The nature of this sequences carries problems such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gerard Sant , Gerard I. Gállego , Belen Alastruey , Marta R. Costa-Jussà

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

State-space models (SSMs) face a fundamental trade-off between efficiency and expressivity that is mainly dictated by the structure of the model's transition matrix. Unstructured transition matrices enable maximal expressivity, as measured…

State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to Transformers for long-context sequence modeling, offering linear $O(N)$ computational complexity compared to the Transformer's quadratic $O(N^2)$ scaling. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Abidemi Koledoye , Chinemerem Unachukwu , Gold Nwobu , Hasin Rana

Recurrent State-space models (RSSMs) are highly expressive models for learning patterns in time series data and system identification. However, these models assume that the dynamics are fixed and unchanging, which is rarely the case in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Vaisakh Shaj , Dieter Buchler , Rohit Sonker , Philipp Becker , Gerhard Neumann

Despite the promising performance of state space models (SSMs) in long sequence modeling, limitations still exist. Advanced SSMs like S5 and S6 (Mamba) in addressing non-uniform sampling, their recursive structures impede efficient SSM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Dong Li , Jianxing Liu , Ligang Wu , Bowen Zhou

We improve on the popular conformer architecture by replacing the depthwise temporal convolutions with diagonal state space (DSS) models. DSS is a recently introduced variant of linear RNNs obtained by discretizing a linear dynamical system…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-01 George Saon , Ankit Gupta , Xiaodong Cui

While Transformers have been the main architecture behind deep learning's success in language modeling, state-space models (SSMs) such as Mamba have recently been shown to match or outperform Transformers at small to medium scale. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Tri Dao , Albert Gu

Video diffusion models have recently shown promise for world modeling through autoregressive frame prediction conditioned on actions. However, they struggle to maintain long-term memory due to the high computational cost associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ryan Po , Yotam Nitzan , Richard Zhang , Berlin Chen , Tri Dao , Eli Shechtman , Gordon Wetzstein , Xun Huang

State space models have shown to be effective at modeling long range dependencies, specially on sequence classification tasks. In this work we focus on autoregressive sequence modeling over English books, Github source code and ArXiv…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Harsh Mehta , Ankit Gupta , Ashok Cutkosky , Behnam Neyshabur

State-space models (SSMs) have recently emerged as a compelling alternative to Transformers for sequence modeling tasks. This paper presents a theoretical generalization analysis of selective SSMs, the core architectural component behind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Arya Honarpisheh , Mustafa Bozdag , Octavia Camps , Mario Sznaier

Token-free language models learn directly from raw bytes and remove the inductive bias of subword tokenization. Operating on bytes, however, results in significantly longer sequences. In this setting, standard autoregressive Transformers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Junxiong Wang , Tushaar Gangavarapu , Jing Nathan Yan , Alexander M. Rush

Modeling the parser state is key to good performance in transition-based parsing. Recurrent Neural Networks considerably improved the performance of transition-based systems by modelling the global state, e.g. stack-LSTM parsers, or local…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Ramon Fernandez Astudillo , Miguel Ballesteros , Tahira Naseem , Austin Blodgett , Radu Florian

Time series modeling is a well-established problem, which often requires that methods (1) expressively represent complicated dependencies, (2) forecast long horizons, and (3) efficiently train over long sequences. State-space models (SSMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Michael Zhang , Khaled K. Saab , Michael Poli , Tri Dao , Karan Goel , Christopher Ré

State space models (SSMs) for language modelling promise an efficient and performant alternative to quadratic-attention Transformers, yet show variable performance on recalling basic information from the context. While performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Aryaman Arora , Neil Rathi , Nikil Roashan Selvam , Róbert Csordás , Dan Jurafsky , Christopher Potts

Attention-based encoder-decoder architectures such as Listen, Attend, and Spell (LAS), subsume the acoustic, pronunciation and language model components of a traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) system into a single neural…

Sequence modeling is a crucial area across various domains, including Natural Language Processing (NLP), speech recognition, time series forecasting, music generation, and bioinformatics. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short Term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Badri Narayana Patro , Vijay Srinivas Agneeswaran

Language models (LMs) based on Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) have shown good gains in many automatic speech recognition tasks. In this paper, we extend an LSTM by adding highway networks inside an LSTM and use the resulting Highway LSTM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Gakuto Kurata , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , George Saon , Abhinav Sethy

Structured State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a transformative paradigm in sequence modeling, addressing critical limitations of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Transformers, namely, vanishing gradients, sequential computation…

State-space models (SSMs) have emerged as an efficient strategy for building powerful language models, avoiding the quadratic complexity of computing attention in transformers. Despite their promise, the interpretability and steerability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Vamshi Sunku Mohan , Kaustubh Gupta , Aneesha Das , Chandan Singh