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Pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for addressing open-domain Question Answering (QA). While they exhibit high accuracy in answering questions related to common knowledge, LLMs encounter difficulties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Rohan Kumar , Youngmin Kim , Sunitha Ravi , Haitian Sun , Christos Faloutsos , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Minji Yoon

Advances towards more faithful and traceable answers of Large Language Models (LLMs) are crucial for various research and practical endeavors. One avenue in reaching this goal is basing the answers on reliable sources. However, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Tobias Schimanski , Jingwei Ni , Mathias Kraus , Elliott Ash , Markus Leippold

Recently proposed long-form question answering (QA) systems, supported by large language models (LLMs), have shown promising capabilities. Yet, attributing and verifying their generated abstractive answers can be difficult, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Tal Schuster , Adam D. Lelkes , Haitian Sun , Jai Gupta , Jonathan Berant , William W. Cohen , Donald Metzler

The advent of AI driven large language models (LLMs) have stirred discussions about their role in qualitative research. Some view these as tools to enrich human understanding, while others perceive them as threats to the core values of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Muneera Bano , Didar Zowghi , Jon Whittle

Open-ended question answering requires models to find appropriate evidence to form wellreasoned, comprehensive and helpful answers. In practical applications, models also need to engage in extended discussions on potential scenarios closely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Mingxu Tao , Dongyan Zhao , Yansong Feng

Multiple-choice questions (MCQ) are frequently used to assess large language models (LLMs). Typically, an LLM is given a question and selects the answer deemed most probable after adjustments for factors like length. Unfortunately, LLMs may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Aidar Myrzakhan , Sondos Mahmoud Bsharat , Zhiqiang Shen

In this paper, we highlight a problem of evaluation metrics adopted in the open-vocabulary segmentation. That is, the evaluation process still heavily relies on closed-set metrics on zero-shot or cross-dataset pipelines without considering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Hao Zhou , Tiancheng Shen , Xu Yang , Hai Huang , Xiangtai Li , Lu Qi , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Open domain question answering (ODQA) is a longstanding task aimed at answering factual questions from a large knowledge corpus without any explicit evidence in natural language processing (NLP). Recent works have predominantly focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Qin Zhang , Shangsi Chen , Dongkuan Xu , Qingqing Cao , Xiaojun Chen , Trevor Cohn , Meng Fang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed in software engineering tasks such as requirements elicitation, design, and evaluation, raising critical questions regarding their alignment with human judgments on responsible AI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Asma Yamani , Malak Baslyman , Moataz Ahmed

Although large language models (LLMs) have been assessed for general medical knowledge using licensing exams, their ability to support clinical decision-making, such as selecting medical calculators, remains uncertain. We assessed nine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Nicholas Wan , Qiao Jin , Joey Chan , Guangzhi Xiong , Serina Applebaum , Aidan Gilson , Reid McMurry , R. Andrew Taylor , Aidong Zhang , Qingyu Chen , Zhiyong Lu

We present an automatic large language model (LLM) conversion approach that produces uncertainty-aware LLMs capable of estimating uncertainty with every prediction. Our approach is model- and data-agnostic, is computationally-efficient, and…

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have gained much attention for the emergence of human-comparable capabilities and huge potential. However, for open-domain implicit question-answering problems, LLMs may not be the ultimate solution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chang Liu , Xiaoguang Li , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Edmund Y. Lam , Ngai Wong

While logical reasoning evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on multiple-choice formats that are vulnerable to random guessing, leading to overestimated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qin Zhu , Fei Huang , Runyu Peng , Keming Lu , Bowen Yu , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Junyang Lin

Visual question answering (VQA) is a task that combines both the techniques of computer vision and natural language processing. It requires models to answer a text-based question according to the information contained in a visual. In recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yeyun Zou , Qiyu Xie

The fluency and creativity of large pre-trained language models (LLMs) have led to their widespread use, sometimes even as a replacement for traditional search engines. Yet language models are prone to making convincing but factually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Katherine Tian , Eric Mitchell , Huaxiu Yao , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has outpaced the development of effective evaluation methods. Traditional benchmarks rely on task-specific metrics and static datasets, which often suffer from fairness issues, limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuhang Zhou , Xutian Chen , Yixin Cao , Yuchen Ni , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Xiang Liu , Jian Zhang , Chuanjun Ji , Guangnan Ye , Xipeng Qiu

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a challenging task that entails complex multi-modal reasoning. In contrast to multiple-choice VideoQA which aims to predict the answer given several options, the goal of open-ended VideoQA is to answer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Dohwan Ko , Ji Soo Lee , Miso Choi , Jaewon Chu , Jihwan Park , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have become central to modern AI workflows, powering applications from open-ended text generation to complex agent-based reasoning. However, debugging these models remains a persistent challenge due to their…

Assessing factuality of text generated by large language models (LLMs) is an emerging yet crucial research area, aimed at alerting users to potential errors and guiding the development of more reliable LLMs. Nonetheless, the evaluators…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Shiqi Chen , Yiran Zhao , Jinghan Zhang , I-Chun Chern , Siyang Gao , Pengfei Liu , Junxian He

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have found success in real-world applications, their underlying explanatory process is still poorly understood. This paper proposes IBE-Eval, a framework inspired by philosophical accounts on Inference to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Dhairya Dalal , Marco Valentino , André Freitas , Paul Buitelaar
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