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The long-held assumption that backpropagation (BP) is essential for state-of-the-art performance is challenged by this work. We present rigorous, hardware-validated evidence that the Mono-Forward (MF) algorithm, a backpropagation-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Przemysław Spyra , Witold Dzwinel

Deep neural networks trained with backpropagation have achieved outstanding performance in vision tasks but remain biologically implausible, computationally demanding, and difficult to interpret. The Forward-Forward (FF) algorithm offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jie-En Yao , Hong-En Chen , C. -C. Jay Kuo

The development of the back-propagation algorithm represents a landmark in neural networks. We provide an approach that conducts the back-propagation again to reverse the traditional back-propagation process to optimize the input loss at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Weiming Xiong , Ruoyu Yang

Iterative differential approximation methods that rely upon backpropagation have enabled the optimization of neural networks; however, at present, they remain computationally expensive, especially when training models at scale. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jake Ryland Williams , Haoran Zhao

The backpropagation algorithm has experienced remarkable success in training large-scale artificial neural networks; however, its biological plausibility has been strongly criticized, and it remains an open question whether the brain…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Bariscan Bozkurt , Cengiz Pehlevan , Alper T Erdogan

We propose a novel learning method for multilayered neural networks which uses feedforward supervisory signal and associates classification of a new input with that of pre-trained input. The proposed method effectively uses rich input…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Takashi Shinozaki , Yasushi Naruse

In this paper, we introduce the problem of jointly learning feed-forward neural networks across a set of relevant but diverse datasets. Compared to learning a separate network from each dataset in isolation, joint learning enables us to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Zaiwei Zhang , Xiangru Huang , Qixing Huang , Xiao Zhang , Yuan Li

Standard neural network based on general back propagation learning using delta method or gradient descent method has some great faults like poor optimization of error-weight objective function, low learning rate, instability .This paper…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-20 Mriganka Chakraborty , Arka Ghosh

A sequential training method for large-scale feedforward neural networks is presented. Each layer of the neural network is decoupled and trained separately. After the training is completed for each layer, they are combined together. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Jongrae Kim

Purpose: We propose a novel method for continual learning based on the increasing depth of neural networks. This work explores whether extending neural network depth may be beneficial in a life-long learning setting. Methods: We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Jędrzej Kozal , Michał Woźniak

Incorporating the Forward Forward algorithm into neural network training represents a transformative shift from traditional methods, introducing a dual forward mechanism that streamlines the learning process by bypassing the complexities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mitra Bakhshi

Neuron pruning is an efficient method to compress the network into a slimmer one for reducing the computational cost and storage overhead. Most of state-of-the-art results are obtained in a layer-by-layer optimization mode. It discards the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Weijie Chen , Yuan Zhang , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu

We present a simplified computational rule for the back-propagation formulas for artificial neural networks. In this work, we provide a generic two-step rule for the back-propagation algorithm in matrix notation. Moreover, this rule…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Ahmed Boughammoura

Backpropagation is the pivotal algorithm underpinning the success of artificial neural networks, yet it has critical limitations such as biologically implausible backward locking and global error propagation. To circumvent these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 James Gong , Raymond Luo , Emma Wang , Leon Ge , Bruce Li , Felix Marattukalam , Waleed Abdulla

Deep Neural Network (DNN) models are usually trained sequentially from one layer to another, which causes forward, backward and update locking's problems, leading to poor performance in terms of training time. The existing parallel…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Samson B. Akintoye , Liangxiu Han , Huw Lloyd , Xin Zhang , Darren Dancey , Haoming Chen , Daoqiang Zhang

Sparse training is a natural idea to accelerate the training speed of deep neural networks and save the memory usage, especially since large modern neural networks are significantly over-parameterized. However, most of the existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Xiao Zhou , Weizhong Zhang , Zonghao Chen , Shizhe Diao , Tong Zhang

Back-propagation is a popular machine learning algorithm that uses gradient descent in training neural networks for supervised learning, but can be very slow. A number of algorithms have been developed to speed up convergence and improve…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ho Ling Li

We propose proximal backpropagation (ProxProp) as a novel algorithm that takes implicit instead of explicit gradient steps to update the network parameters during neural network training. Our algorithm is motivated by the step size…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Thomas Frerix , Thomas Möllenhoff , Michael Moeller , Daniel Cremers

The present work deals with an improved back-propagation algorithm based on Gauss-Newton numerical optimization method for fast convergence. The steepest descent method is used for the back-propagation. The algorithm is tested using various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-21 Sudarshan Nandy , Partha Pratim Sarkar , Achintya Das

Network compression is crucial to making the deep networks to be more efficient, faster, and generalizable to low-end hardware. Current network compression methods have two open problems: first, there lacks a theoretical framework to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Ziqi Zhou , Li Lian , Yilong Yin , Ze Wang