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Extreme multi-label text classification (XMTC) refers to the problem of tagging a given text with the most relevant subset of labels from a large label set. A majority of labels only have a few training instances due to large label…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Yuan Wang , Huiling Song , Peng Huo , Tao Xu , Jucheng Yang , Yarui Chen , Tingting Zhao

Online job ads serve as a valuable source of information for skill requirements, playing a crucial role in labor market analysis and e-recruitment processes. Since such ads are typically formatted in free text, natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Jens-Joris Decorte , Severine Verlinden , Jeroen Van Hautte , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

This paper develops the MUFIN technique for extreme classification (XC) tasks with millions of labels where datapoints and labels are endowed with visual and textual descriptors. Applications of MUFIN to product-to-product recommendation…

Current research on class-incremental learning primarily focuses on single-label classification tasks. However, real-world applications often involve multi-label scenarios, such as image retrieval and medical imaging. Therefore, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chenhao Ding , Songlin Dong , Zhengdong Zhou , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

In the era of big data, a large amount of noisy and incomplete data can be collected from multiple sources for prediction tasks. Combining multiple models or data sources helps to counteract the effects of low data quality and the bias of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-17 Sihong Xie , Xiangnan Kong , Jing Gao , Wei Fan , Philip S. Yu

Weakly supervised instance labeling using only image-level labels, in lieu of expensive fine-grained pixel annotations, is crucial in several applications including medical image analysis. In contrast to conventional instance segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Satyananda Kashyap , Alexandros Karagyris

The state of the art in semantic segmentation is steadily increasing in performance, resulting in more precise and reliable segmentations in many different applications. However, progress is limited by the cost of generating labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Viktor Olsson , Wilhelm Tranheden , Juliano Pinto , Lennart Svensson

Deep learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable progress in automatic Chest X-ray analysis. The data-driven feature of deep models requires training data to cover a large distribution. Therefore, it is substantial to integrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Luyang Luo , Lequan Yu , Hao Chen , Quande Liu , Xi Wang , Jiaqi Xu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Labels are the cornerstone of supervised machine learning algorithms. Most visual recognition methods are fully supervised, using bounding boxes or pixel-wise segmentations for object localization. Traditional labeling methods, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Mohammed Abdul Hafeez Khan , Parth Ganeriwala , Siddhartha Bhattacharyya , Natasha Neogi , Raja Muthalagu

Partial multi-label learning aims to extract knowledge from incompletely annotated data, which includes known correct labels, known incorrect labels, and unknown labels. The core challenge lies in accurately identifying the ambiguous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Wu , Fei Teng , Yue Feng , Kaibo Shi , Zhuosheng Lin , Ji Zhang , James Wang

Multi-label learning deals with the classification problems where each instance can be assigned with multiple labels simultaneously. Conventional multi-label learning approaches mainly focus on exploiting label correlations. It is usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-08 Xiangnan Kong , Zhaoming Wu , Li-Jia Li , Ruofei Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Hang Wu , Wei Fan

Extreme multi-label classification aims to learn a classifier that annotates an instance with a relevant subset of labels from an extremely large label set. Many existing solutions embed the label matrix to a low-dimensional linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Yuefeng Liang , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Thomas C. M. Lee

Extreme multi-label classification (XMC) refers to supervised multi-label learning involving hundreds of thousand or even millions of labels. In this paper, we develop a suite of algorithms, called Bonsai, which generalizes the notion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Sujay Khandagale , Han Xiao , Rohit Babbar

Multi-label classification is a type of supervised machine learning that can simultaneously assign multiple labels to an instance. To solve this task, some methods divide the original problem into several sub-problems (local approach),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Elaine Cecília Gatto , Felipe Nakano Kenji , Jesse Read , Mauri Ferrandin , Ricardo Cerri , Celine Vens

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a powerful framework for weakly supervised whole slide image (WSI) classification, enabling slide-level predictions without requiring detailed patch-level annotations. Despite its success, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Bryan Wong , Mun Yong Yi

Semi-supervised instance segmentation poses challenges due to limited labeled data, causing difficulties in accurately localizing distinct object instances. Current teacher-student frameworks still suffer from performance constraints due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Heeji Yoon , Heeseong Shin , Eunbeen Hong , Hyunwook Choi , Hansang Cho , Daun Jeong , Seungryong Kim

Extreme multi-label classification (XML) is becoming increasingly relevant in the era of big data. Yet, there is no method for effectively generating stratified partitions of XML datasets. Instead, researchers typically rely on provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Maximillian Merrillees , Lan Du

Multi-label recognition with partial labels (MLR-PL), in which only some labels are known while others are unknown for each image, is a practical task in computer vision, since collecting large-scale and complete multi-label datasets is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Haoxian Ruan , Zhihua Xu , Zhijing Yang , Yongyi Lu , Jinghui Qin , Tianshui Chen

Data collection from manual labeling provides domain-specific and task-aligned supervision for data-driven approaches, and a critical mass of well-annotated resources is required to achieve reasonable performance in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Zhengyuan Liu , Hai Leong Chieu , Nancy F. Chen

The goal in extreme multi-label classification is to learn a classifier which can assign a small subset of relevant labels to an instance from an extremely large set of target labels. Datasets in extreme classification exhibit a long tail…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-06 Rohit Babbar , Bernhard Schölkopf