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Understanding and predicting the diverse conformational states of molecules is crucial for advancing fields such as chemistry, material science, and drug development. Despite significant progress in generative models, accurately generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Zhejun Zhang , Yuanping Chen , Shibing Chu

Deep generative models are rapidly advancing structure-based drug design, offering substantial promise for generating small molecule ligands that bind to specific protein targets. However, most current approaches assume a rigid protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Xinzhe Zheng , Shiyu Jiang , Gustavo Seabra , Chenglong Li , Yanjun Li

Molecular representation learning has shown great success in advancing AI-based drug discovery. The core of many recent works is based on the fact that the 3D geometric structure of molecules provides essential information about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jiying Zhang , Zijing Liu , Yu Wang , Yu Li

Rich data and powerful machine learning models allow us to design drugs for a specific protein target \textit{in silico}. Recently, the inclusion of 3D structures during targeted drug design shows superior performance to other target-free…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-08 Jiaqi Guan , Wesley Wei Qian , Xingang Peng , Yufeng Su , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Deep generative diffusion models are a promising avenue for 3D de novo molecular design in materials science and drug discovery. However, their utility is still limited by suboptimal performance on large molecular structures and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Tuan Le , Julian Cremer , Frank Noé , Djork-Arné Clevert , Kristof Schütt

Diffusion-based models have shown great promise in molecular generation but often require a large number of sampling steps to generate valid samples. In this paper, we introduce a novel Straight-Line Diffusion Model (SLDM) to tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuyan Ni , Shikun Feng , Haohan Chi , Bowen Zheng , Huan-ang Gao , Wei-Ying Ma , Zhi-Ming Ma , Yanyan Lan

Can we train a 3D molecule generator using data from dense regions to generate samples in sparse regions? This challenge can be framed as an out-of-distribution (OOD) generation problem. While prior research on OOD generation predominantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haokai Hong , Wanyu Lin , Ming Yang , Kay Chen Tan

Synthesizability remains a critical bottleneck in generative molecular design. While recent advances have addressed synthesizability in 2D graphs, extending these constraints to 3D for geometry-based conditional generation remains largely…

Generating diverse, all-atom conformational ensembles of dynamic proteins such as G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is critical for understanding their function, yet most generative models simplify atomic detail or ignore conformational…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-19 Aditya Sengar , Ali Hariri , Daniel Probst , Patrick Barth , Pierre Vandergheynst

Molecular dynamics (MD) has long been the de facto choice for simulating complex atomistic systems from first principles. Recently deep learning models become a popular way to accelerate MD. Notwithstanding, existing models depend on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Fang Wu , Stan Z. Li

Deep generative models that produce novel molecular structures have the potential to facilitate chemical discovery. Diffusion models currently achieve state of the art performance for 3D molecule generation. In this work, we explore the use…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-01 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have demonstrated strong performance in generative modeling, particularly in image synthesis, making them a compelling choice for molecular conformer generation. However, applying DiTs to molecules introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 J. Thorben Frank , Winfried Ripken , Gregor Lied , Klaus-Robert Müller , Oliver T. Unke , Stefan Chmiela

The design of target-specific molecules such as small molecules, peptides, and antibodies is vital for biological research and drug discovery. Existing generative methods are restricted to single-domain molecules, failing to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiangzhe Kong , Zishen Zhang , Ziting Zhang , Rui Jiao , Jianzhu Ma , Wenbing Huang , Kai Liu , Yang Liu

We study how to generate molecule conformations (i.e., 3D structures) from a molecular graph. Traditional methods, such as molecular dynamics, sample conformations via computationally expensive simulations. Recently, machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Minkai Xu , Shitong Luo , Yoshua Bengio , Jian Peng , Jian Tang

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

2D portrait animation has experienced significant advancements in recent years. Much research has utilized the prior knowledge embedded in large generative diffusion models to enhance high-quality image manipulation. However, most methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xinya Ji , Gaspard Zoss , Prashanth Chandran , Lingchen Yang , Xun Cao , Barbara Solenthaler , Derek Bradley

We introduce a new graph diffusion model for small molecule generation, DMol, which outperforms the state-of-the-art DiGress model in terms of validity by roughly 1.5% across all benchmarking datasets while reducing the number of diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Peizhi Niu , Yu-Hsiang Wang , Vishal Rana , Chetan Rupakheti , Abhishek Pandey , Olgica Milenkovic

Developing new molecular compounds is crucial to address pressing challenges, from health to environmental sustainability. However, exploring the molecular space to discover new molecules is difficult due to the vastness of the space. Here…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Manuel Ruiz-Botella , Marta Sales-Pardo , Roger Guimerà

Diffusion models, as a novel generative paradigm, have achieved remarkable success in various image generation tasks such as image inpainting, image-to-text translation, and video generation. Graph generation is a crucial computational task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Chengyi Liu , Wenqi Fan , Yunqing Liu , Jiatong Li , Hang Li , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Qing Li