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Semantic segmentation of microscopy images is a critical task for high-throughput materials characterisation, yet its automation is severely constrained by the prohibitive cost, subjectivity, and scarcity of expert-annotated data. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Salma Zahran , Zhou Ao , Zhengyang Zhang , Chen Chi , Chenchen Yuan , Yanming Wang

Objective: Survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients is very poor and can be improved using highly sensitive, specific and accurate techniques. Autofluorescence and fluorescence techniques are very sensitive and useful…

Label-free imaging has gained broad interest because of its potential to omit elaborate staining procedures which is especially relevant for in vivo use. Label-free multiphoton microscopy (MPM), for instance, exploits two-photon excitation…

Capturing biological specimens at large scales with sub-micron resolution is crucial for biomedical research, but conventional cameras often can't handle the pixel requirements. While most microscopes use motorized stages to move samples…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-28 Charlie Kersuzan , Aymerick Bazin , Amaury Badon

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

Visualizing the details of different cellular structures is of great importance to elucidate cellular functions. However, it is challenging to obtain high quality images of different structures directly due to complex cellular environments.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-01 Yi Liu , Hao Yuan , Zhengyang Wang , Shuiwang Ji

We present an imaging technique that allows the recovery of the transparency profile of wavelength-scale objects with deep subwavelength resolution based on far-field intensity measurements. The approach, interscale mixing microscopy (IMM),…

Optics · Physics 2017-03-21 Sandeep Inampudi , Nicholas Kuhta , Viktor A. Podolskiy

We report a compact, cost-effective and field-portable lensless imaging platform for quantitative microscopy. In this platform, the object is placed on top of an image sensor chip without using any lens. We use a low-cost galvo scanner to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-26 He Zhang , Zichao Bian , Shaowei Jiang , Jian Liu , Pengming Song , Guoan Zheng

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) is a label-free technique that enables to monitor morphological changes at subcellular level. The performance of the QPM system in terms of spatial sensitivity and resolution depends on the coherence…

Label-free optical microscopy through absorption or scattering spectroscopy provides fundamental insights across biology and materials science, yet its sensitivity remains fundamentally limited by photon shot noise. While recent…

Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a computational imaging method that is able to super-resolve features beyond the diffraction-limit set by the objective lens of a traditional microscope. This is accomplished by using synthetic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-09 Michael Kellman , Emrah Bostan , Michael Chen , Laura Waller

Varifocal lenses, conventionally implemented by changing the axial distance between multiple optical elements, have a wide range of applications in imaging and optical beam scanning. The use of conventional bulky refractive elements makes…

We present a technically simple implementation of quantitative phase imaging in confocal microscopy based on synthetic optical holography with sinusoidal-phase reference waves. Using a Mirau interference objective and low-amplitude vertical…

Optical methods based on thin multimode fibers (MMFs) are promising tools for measuring neuronal activity in deep brain regions of freely moving mice thanks to their small diameter. However, current methods are limited: while fiber…

Multi-mode fiber (MMF) endoscopes are a new type of endoscope that use only a single optical fiber to transmit images, achieving much higher spatial resolution for a given diameter than commercial fiber bundle endoscopes. However, a…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-22 Ruo Yu Gu , Elaine Chou , Cory Rewcastle , Ofer Levi , Joseph M. Kahn

Full-Field Digital Mammography (FFDM) is the primary imaging modality for routine breast cancer screening; however, its effectiveness is limited in patients with dense breast tissue or fibrocystic conditions. Contrast-Enhanced Spectral…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Aurora Rofena , Claudia Lucia Piccolo , Bruno Beomonte Zobel , Paolo Soda , Valerio Guarrasi

Endoscopic image analysis is vital for colorectal cancer screening, yet real-world conditions often suffer from lens fogging, motion blur, and specular highlights, which severely compromise automated polyp detection. We propose EndoCaver, a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Zhuoyu Wu , Wenhui Ou , Pei-Sze Tan , Jiayan Yang , Wenqi Fang , Zheng Wang , Raphaël C. -W. Phan

Endoscopic imaging is essential for real-time visualization of internal organs, yet conventional systems remain bulky, complex, and expensive due to their reliance on large, multi-element optical components. This limits their accessibility…

Laser illumination of tissue results in a characteristic fluorescence emission spectrum whose features depend on the type of tissue, viz., healthy, adenoma or malignant. Hence measurement of the fluorescence is potentially a rapid and…

Wide-field mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) imaging offers rapid labelfree chemical contrast for biomedical and polymer analysis. However, its field of view (FOV) is limited by the pulse intensity of conventional infrared lasers. Here, we…