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Building efficient inference framework has gained increasing interests for research community. Early-exit models, a variant of LLMs, improves the inference efficiency of LLMs by skipping rest layers and directly generate output tokens when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Ruijie Miao , Yihan Yan , Xinshuo Yao , Tong Yang

Sample selection is a prevalent approach in learning with noisy labels, aiming to identify confident samples for training. Although existing sample selection methods have achieved decent results by reducing the noise rate of the selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Suqin Yuan , Lei Feng , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Missing modalities are a common challenge in real-world multimodal learning scenarios, occurring during both training and testing. Existing methods for managing missing modalities often require the design of separate prompts for each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zhe Chen , Xun Lin , Yawen Cui , Zitong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable potential for few-shot information extraction (IE), yet their performance is highly sensitive to the choice of in-context examples. Conventional selection strategies often fail to provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Dong Zhao , Yadong Wang , Xiang Chen , Chenxi Wang , Hongliang Dai , Chuanxing Geng , Shengzhong Zhang , Shaoyuan Li , Sheng-Jun Huang

Industrial-scale battery management involves various types of tasks, such as estimation, prediction, and system-level diagnostics. Each task employs distinct data across temporal scales, sensor resolutions, and data channels. Building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hong Lu , Jiali Chen , Jingzhao Zhang , Guannan He , Xuebing Han , Minggao Ouyang

The natural world often follows a long-tailed data distribution where only a few classes account for most of the examples. This long-tail causes classifiers to overfit to the majority class. To mitigate this, prior solutions commonly adopt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Rahul Duggal , Scott Freitas , Sunny Dhamnani , Duen Horng Chau , Jimeng Sun

Mixture-of-Experts models have become a dominant architecture for scaling Large Language Models by activating only a sparse subset of experts per token. However, latency-critical MoE inference faces a fundamental tension: while expert…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qianchao Zhu , Xucheng Ye , Yuliang Liu , Haodong Ouyang , Chengru Song

Increasing the size of large language models (LLMs) has been shown to lead to better performance. However, this comes at the cost of slower and more expensive inference. Early-exiting is a promising approach for improving the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jort Vincenti , Karim Abdel Sadek , Joan Velja , Matteo Nulli , Metod Jazbec

The exit time probability, which gives the likelihood that an initial condition leaves a prescribed region of the phase space of a dynamical system at, or before, a given time, is arguably one of the most natural and important transport…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Minglei Yang , Guannan Zhang , Diego del-Castillo-Negrete , Miroslav Stoyanov

Multi-label Text Classification (MLTC) is the task of categorizing documents into one or more topics. Considering the large volumes of data and varying domains of such tasks, fully supervised learning requires manually fully annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Ziwen Liu , Josep Grau-Bove , Scott Allan Orr

Federated Semi-Supervised Learning (FSSL) leverages both labeled and unlabeled data on clients to collaboratively train a model.In FSSL, the heterogeneous data can introduce prediction bias into the model, causing the model's prediction to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Guogang Zhu , Xuefeng Liu , Xinghao Wu , Shaojie Tang , Chao Tang , Jianwei Niu , Hao Su

Training accurate classifiers requires many labels, but each label provides only limited information (one bit for binary classification). In this work, we propose BabbleLabble, a framework for training classifiers in which an annotator…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Braden Hancock , Paroma Varma , Stephanie Wang , Martin Bringmann , Percy Liang , Christopher Ré

As NLP models become larger, executing a trained model requires significant computational resources incurring monetary and environmental costs. To better respect a given inference budget, we propose a modification to contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Roy Schwartz , Gabriel Stanovsky , Swabha Swayamdipta , Jesse Dodge , Noah A. Smith

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in various natural language generation tasks. However, they incur high computation cost and latency resulting from the autoregressive token-by-token generation. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Luciano Del Corro , Allie Del Giorno , Sahaj Agarwal , Bin Yu , Ahmed Awadallah , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in real-world applications. The capability of in-context learning (ICL) allows us to adapt an LLM to downstream tasks by including input-label exemplars in the prompt without…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Zhaoxuan Wu , Xiaoqiang Lin , Zhongxiang Dai , Wenyang Hu , Yao Shu , See-Kiong Ng , Patrick Jaillet , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Early-Exit (EE) is a Large Language Model (LLM) architecture that accelerates inference by allowing easier tokens to be generated using only a subset of the model's layers. However, traditional batching frameworks are ill-suited for EE…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xuting Liu , Daniel Alexander , Siva Kesava Reddy Kakarla , Behnaz Arzani , Vincent Liu

Emotion cause pair extraction (ECPE), as one of the derived subtasks of emotion cause analysis (ECA), shares rich inter-related features with emotion extraction (EE) and cause extraction (CE). Therefore EE and CE are frequently utilized as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Shunjie Chen , Xiaochuan Shi , Jingye Li , Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Fei Li , Donghong Ji

This paper presents a modular approach to accelerate inference in large language models (LLMs) by adding early exit heads at intermediate transformer layers. Each head is trained in a self-supervised manner to mimic the main model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Florian Valade

In Large Language Model (LLM) inference, early-exit refers to stopping computation at an intermediate layer once the prediction is sufficiently confident, thereby reducing latency and cost. However, recent LLMs adopt improved pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rui Wei , Rui Du , Hanfei Yu , Devesh Tiwari , Jian Li , Zhaozhuo Xu , Hao Wang

Efficiently solving the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) is central to analyzing complex parameterized stochastic systems. However, current numerical methods lack parallel computation capabilities across varying conditions, severely limiting…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Xiaolong Wang , Jing Feng , Qi Liu , Chengli Tan , Yuanyuan Liu , Yong Xu