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Text Recognition (TR) refers to the research area that focuses on retrieving textual information from images, a topic that has seen significant advancements in the last decade due to the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Carlos Penarrubia , Jose J. Valero-Mas , Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza

Supervised learning demands large amounts of precisely annotated data to achieve promising results. Such data curation is labor-intensive and imposes significant overhead regarding time and costs. Self-supervised learning (SSL) partially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Thangarajah Akilan , Nusrat Jahan , Wandong Zhang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a class of supervised learning tasks and techniques that also exploits the unlabeled data for training. SSL significantly reduces labeling related costs and is able to handle large data sets. The primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Eftychios Protopapadakis

Rapid progress in 3D semantic segmentation is inseparable from the advances of deep network models, which highly rely on large-scale annotated data for training. To address the high cost and challenges of 3D point-level labeling, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Li Jiang , Shaoshuai Shi , Zhuotao Tian , Xin Lai , Shu Liu , Chi-Wing Fu , Jiaya Jia

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has rapidly emerged as a transformative approach in computer vision, enabling the extraction of rich feature representations from vast amounts of unlabeled data and reducing reliance on costly manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Nikolaos Giakoumoglou , Tania Stathaki , Athanasios Gkelias

Self-supervised learning of point cloud aims to leverage unlabeled 3D data to learn meaningful representations without reliance on manual annotations. However, current approaches face challenges such as limited data diversity and inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Keyi Liu , Yeqi Luo , Weidong Yang , Jingyi Xu , Zhijun Li , Wen-Ming Chen , Ben Fei

In the past decade, deep neural networks have achieved significant progress in point cloud learning. However, collecting large-scale precisely-annotated training data is extremely laborious and expensive, which hinders the scalability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Aoran Xiao , Xiaoqin Zhang , Ling Shao , Shijian Lu

Recommender systems play a crucial role in tackling the challenge of information overload by delivering personalized recommendations based on individual user preferences. Deep learning techniques, such as RNNs, GNNs, and Transformer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xubin Ren , Wei Wei , Lianghao Xia , Chao Huang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a machine learning approach where the data itself provides supervision, eliminating the need for external labels. The model is forced to learn about the data structure or context by solving a pretext task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Markus Marks , Manuel Knott , Neehar Kondapaneni , Elijah Cole , Thijs Defraeye , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Pietro Perona

3D point cloud semantic segmentation is a challenging topic in the computer vision field. Most of the existing methods in literature require a large amount of fully labeled training data, but it is extremely time-consuming to obtain these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Shuang Deng , Qiulei Dong , Bo Liu , Zhanyi Hu

Point cloud processing and 3D shape understanding are very challenging tasks for which deep learning techniques have demonstrated great potentials. Still further progresses are essential to allow artificial intelligent agents to interact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Antonio Alliegro , Davide Boscaini , Tatiana Tommasi

Pretraining on large labeled datasets is a prerequisite to achieve good performance in many computer vision tasks like 2D object recognition, video classification etc. However, pretraining is not widely used for 3D recognition tasks where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Zaiwei Zhang , Rohit Girdhar , Armand Joulin , Ishan Misra

Recently, the advancement of deep learning in discriminative feature learning from 3D LiDAR data has led to rapid development in the field of autonomous driving. However, automated processing uneven, unstructured, noisy, and massive 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Ying Li , Lingfei Ma , Zilong Zhong , Fei Liu , Dongpu Cao , Jonathan Li , Michael A. Chapman

Deep models trained in supervised mode have achieved remarkable success on a variety of tasks. When labeled samples are limited, self-supervised learning (SSL) is emerging as a new paradigm for making use of large amounts of unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yaochen Xie , Zhao Xu , Jingtun Zhang , Zhengyang Wang , Shuiwang Ji

This paper presents a new 3D point cloud classification benchmark data set with over four billion manually labelled points, meant as input for data-hungry (deep) learning methods. We also discuss first submissions to the benchmark that use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Timo Hackel , Nikolay Savinov , Lubor Ladicky , Jan D. Wegner , Konrad Schindler , Marc Pollefeys

Point clouds, as a primary representation of 3D data, can be categorized into scene domain point clouds and object domain point clouds. Point cloud self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a mainstream paradigm for learning 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yaohua Zha , Tao Dai , Hang Guo , Yanzi Wang , Bin Chen , Ke Chen , Shu-Tao Xia

Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud analysis has become central to applications ranging from autonomous driving and robotics to forestry and ecological monitoring. Although numerous deep learning methods have been proposed for point cloud…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Said Ohamouddou , Hanaa El Afia , Abdellatif El Afia , Raddouane Chiheb

Autonomous driving can benefit from motion behavior comprehension when interacting with diverse traffic participants in highly dynamic environments. Recently, there has been a growing interest in estimating class-agnostic motion directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Chenxu Luo , Xiaodong Yang , Alan Yuille

Fine-grained image classification involves identifying different subcategories of a class which possess very subtle discriminatory features. Fine-grained datasets usually provide bounding box annotations along with class labels to aid the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Farha Al Breiki , Muhammad Ridzuan , Rushali Grandhe

Point cloud data now are popular data representations in a number of three-dimensional (3D) vision research realms. However, due to the limited performance of sensors and sensing noise, the raw data usually suffer from sparsity, noise, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Siwen Quan , Junhao Yu , Ziming Nie , Muze Wang , Sijia Feng , Pei An , Jiaqi Yang