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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted paradigm for enabling knowledge-grounded large language models (LLMs). However, standard RAG pipelines often fail to ensure that model reasoning remains consistent with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jiaqi Wei , Hao Zhou , Xiang Zhang , Di Zhang , Zijie Qiu , Wei Wei , Jinzhe Li , Wanli Ouyang , Siqi Sun

Understanding information from visually rich documents remains a significant challenge for traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods. Existing benchmarks predominantly focus on image-based question answering (QA), overlooking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Zehui Chen , Weiqi Wu , Shihang Wang , Pengjun Xie , Feng Zhao

Recent large language models have shown promising capabilities in long-form reasoning, following structured chains of thought before arriving at a final answer. However, we observe that these reasoning paths tend to include substantial…

Large reasoning models improve accuracy by producing long reasoning traces, but this inflates latency and cost, motivating inference-time efficiency. We propose Retrieval-of-Thought (RoT), which reuses prior reasoning as composable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ammar Ahmed , Azal Ahmad Khan , Ayaan Ahmad , Sheng Di , Zirui Liu , Ali Anwar

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a leading approach to reducing hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). Current RAG evaluation benchmarks primarily focus on what we call local RAG: retrieving relevant chunks from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Qi Luo , Xiaonan Li , Tingshuo Fan , Xinchi Chen , Xipeng Qiu

Recall the classical text generation works, the generation framework can be briefly divided into two phases: \textbf{idea reasoning} and \textbf{surface realization}. The target of idea reasoning is to figure out the main idea which will be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Wei Wang , Piji Li , Hai-Tao Zheng

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) lifts the factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs) by injecting external knowledge, yet it falls short on problems that demand multi-step inference; conversely, purely reasoning-oriented approaches…

To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP). Tabling is a commonly used technique in logic programming for avoiding cyclic behavior of logic programs and enabling more declarative program definitions. Furthermore, tabling…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Thepfrastos Mantadelis , Ricardo Rocha , Paulo Moura

Constructing responses in task-oriented dialogue systems typically relies on information sources such the current dialogue state or external databases. This paper presents a novel approach to knowledge-grounded response generation that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Nicholas Thomas Walker , Stefan Ultes , Pierre Lison

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems critically depend on retrieval quality, yet no systematic comparison of modern retrieval methods exists for heterogeneous documents containing both text and tabular data. We benchmark ten…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Meftun Akarsu , Recep Kaan Karaman , Christopher Mierbach

Since the launch of ChatGPT at the end of 2022, generative dialogue models represented by ChatGPT have quickly become essential tools in daily life. As user expectations increase, enhancing the capability of generative dialogue models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yuetong Zhao , Hongyu Cao , Xianyu Zhao , Zhijian Ou

Iterative RAG for multi-hop question answering faces challenges with lengthy contexts and the buildup of irrelevant information. This hinders a model's capacity to process and reason over retrieved content and limits performance. While…

Abstract reasoning, the ability to reason from the abstract essence of a problem, serves as a key to generalization in human reasoning. However, eliciting language models to perform reasoning with abstraction remains unexplored. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ruixin Hong , Hongming Zhang , Xiaoman Pan , Dong Yu , Changshui Zhang

Few-shot table-to-text generation is a task of composing fluent and faithful sentences to convey table content using limited data. Despite many efforts having been made towards generating impressive fluent sentences by fine-tuning powerful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Wenting Zhao , Ye Liu , Yao Wan , Philip S. Yu

We propose a novel framework for summarizing structured enterprise data across multiple dimensions using large language model (LLM)-based agents. Traditional table-to-text models often lack the capacity to reason across hierarchical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Amit Dhanda

Semantic parsing, which converts natural language questions into logic forms, plays a crucial role in reasoning within structured environments. However, existing methods encounter two significant challenges: reliance on extensive manually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Xiang Huang , Jiayu Shen , Shanshan Huang , Sitao Cheng , Xiaxia Wang , Yuzhong Qu

Automatic related work generation (RWG) can save people's time and effort when writing a draft of related work section (RWS) for further revision. However, existing methods for RWG always suffer from shallow comprehension due to taking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiaochuan Liu , Ruihua Song , Xiting Wang , Xu Chen

Effectiveness and interpretability are two essential properties for trustworthy AI systems. Most recent studies in visual reasoning are dedicated to improving the accuracy of predicted answers, and less attention is paid to explaining the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Shi Chen , Qi Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) training of large language models (LLMs) on unverifiable tasks is challenging even when a reasonable-quality reference answer is available. We propose a constrained RL training framework that (i) optimizes a…