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Common methods for aligning large language models (LLMs) with desired behaviour heavily rely on human-labelled data. However, as models grow increasingly sophisticated, they will surpass human expertise, and the role of human evaluation…

A myriad of explainability methods have been proposed in recent years, but there is little consensus on how to evaluate them. While automatic metrics allow for quick benchmarking, it isn't clear how such metrics reflect human interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Ana Valeria Gonzalez , Anna Rogers , Anders Søgaard

Work on "learning with rationales" shows that humans providing explanations to a machine learning system can improve the system's predictive accuracy. However, this work has not been connected to work in "explainable AI" which concerns…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Julia Strout , Ye Zhang , Raymond J. Mooney

Humans understand language by extracting information (meaning) from sentences, combining it with existing commonsense knowledge, and then performing reasoning to draw conclusions. While large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 and ChatGPT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Abhiramon Rajasekharan , Yankai Zeng , Parth Padalkar , Gopal Gupta

Optimization is as much about modeling the right problem as solving it. Identifying the right objectives, constraints, and trade-offs demands extensive interaction between researchers and stakeholders. Large language models can empower…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Joshua Drossman , Alexandre Jacquillat , Sébastien Martin

As AI is more and more pervasive in everyday life, humans have an increasing demand to understand its behavior and decisions. Most research on explainable AI builds on the premise that there is one ideal explanation to be found. In fact,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Henning Wachsmuth , Milad Alshomary

We present a methodology to systematically test conversational recommender systems with regards to conversational breakdowns. It involves examining conversations generated between the system and simulated users for a set of pre-defined…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Nolwenn Bernard , Krisztian Balog

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive formal reasoning abilities, they often break down when problems require complex proof planning. One promising approach for improving LLM reasoning abilities involves…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Joseph Cotnareanu , Didier Chetelat , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Diagnosing student problem behaviors requires teachers to synthesize multifaceted information, identify behavioral categories, and plan intervention strategies. Although fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) can support this process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Zhilin Fan , Deliang Wang , Penghe Chen , Yu Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise in communicating with humans. Their potential use as artificial partners with humans in sociological experiments involving conversation is an exciting prospect. But how viable is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 James Flamino , Mohammed Shahid Modi , Boleslaw K. Szymanski , Brendan Cross , Colton Mikolajczyk

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional proficiency in natural language processing but often fall short of generating creative and original responses to open-ended questions. To enhance LLM creativity, our key insight is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Li-Chun Lu , Shou-Jen Chen , Tsung-Min Pai , Chan-Hung Yu , Hung-yi Lee , Shao-Hua Sun

Conversational information access is an emerging research area. Currently, human evaluation is used for end-to-end system evaluation, which is both very time and resource intensive at scale, and thus becomes a bottleneck of progress. As an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog

The development of AI agents based on large, open-domain language models (LLMs) has paved the way for the development of general-purpose AI assistants that can support human in tasks such as writing, coding, graphic design, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mustafa Mert Çelikok , Saptarashmi Bandyopadhyay , Robert Loftin

Large language models are widely deployed in high-stakes NLP tasks, yet risks such as bias, hallucination, adversarial vulnerability and unreliable generalization remain. Probe-based auditing reveals inconsistencies in model behavior.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Most. Sharmin Sultana Samu , MD. Tanvir Ahmed Seum , Md. Rakibul Islam

Natural Language Processing (NLP) helps empower intelligent machines by enhancing a better understanding of the human language for linguistic-based human-computer communication. Recent developments in computational power and the advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Amirsina Torfi , Rouzbeh A. Shirvani , Yaser Keneshloo , Nader Tavaf , Edward A. Fox

To be good conversational partners, natural language processing (NLP) systems should be trained to produce contextually useful utterances. Prior work has investigated training NLP systems with communication-based objectives, where a neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Rose E. Wang , Julia White , Jesse Mu , Noah D. Goodman

With the increasing prevalence and diversity of robots interacting in the real world, there is need for flexible, on-the-fly planning and cooperation. Large Language Models are starting to be explored in a multimodal setup for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-01 William Hunt , Toby Godfrey , Mohammad D. Soorati

Artificial General Intelligence falls short when communicating role specific nuances to other systems. This is more pronounced when building autonomous LLM agents capable and designed to communicate with each other for real world problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Rabimba Karanjai , Weidong Shi

Increased robot deployment, such as in warehousing, has revealed a need for collaboration among heterogeneous robot teams to resolve unforeseen conflicts. To this end, we propose a peer-to-peer coordination protocol that enables robots to…

LLMs have shown promising results in task planning due to their strong natural language understanding and reasoning capabilities. However, issues such as hallucinations, ambiguities in human instructions, environmental constraints, and…