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Related papers: Implicit Bias of Gradient Descent for Logistic Reg…

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Gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent are central to modern machine learning, yet their behavior under large step sizes remains theoretically unclear. Recent work suggests that acceleration often arises near the edge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sacchit Kale , Piyushi Manupriya , Pierre Marion , Francis Bach , Anant Raj

In overparameterized logistic regression, gradient descent (GD) iterates diverge in norm while converging in direction to the maximum $\ell_2$-margin solution -- a phenomenon known as the implicit bias of GD. This work investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jingfeng Wu , Peter Bartlett , Matus Telgarsky , Bin Yu

Deep learning experiments by Cohen et al. [2021] using deterministic Gradient Descent (GD) revealed an Edge of Stability (EoS) phase when learning rate (LR) and sharpness (i.e., the largest eigenvalue of Hessian) no longer behave as in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Sanjeev Arora , Zhiyuan Li , Abhishek Panigrahi

We consider gradient descent (GD) with a constant stepsize applied to logistic regression with linearly separable data, where the constant stepsize $\eta$ is so large that the loss initially oscillates. We show that GD exits this initial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jingfeng Wu , Peter L. Bartlett , Matus Telgarsky , Bin Yu

We study gradient descent (GD) with a constant stepsize for $\ell_2$-regularized logistic regression with linearly separable data. Classical theory suggests small stepsizes to ensure monotonic reduction of the optimization objective,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Jingfeng Wu , Pierre Marion , Peter Bartlett

The gradient descent (GD) has been one of the most common optimizer in machine learning. In particular, the loss landscape of a neural network is typically sharpened during the initial phase of training, making the training dynamics hover…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-14 Han Bao , Shinsaku Sakaue , Yuki Takezawa

Gradient descent (GD) on logistic regression has many fascinating properties. When the dataset is linearly separable, it is known that the iterates converge in direction to the maximum-margin separator regardless of how large the step size…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Si Yi Meng , Baptiste Goujaud , Antonio Orvieto , Christopher De Sa

Empirically, modern deep learning training often occurs at the Edge of Stability (EoS), where the sharpness of the loss exceeds the threshold below which classical convergence analysis applies. Despite recent progress, existing theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Eric Gan

Using gradient descent (GD) with fixed or decaying step-size is a standard practice in unconstrained optimization problems. However, when the loss function is only locally convex, such a step-size schedule artificially slows GD down as it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-03 Nhat Ho , Tongzheng Ren , Sujay Sanghavi , Purnamrita Sarkar , Rachel Ward

Classical optimization theory requires a small step-size for gradient-based methods to converge. Nevertheless, recent findings challenge the traditional idea by empirically demonstrating Gradient Descent (GD) converges even when the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Peiyuan Zhang , Amin Karbasi

We study $\textit{gradient descent}$ (GD) for logistic regression on linearly separable data with stepsizes that adapt to the current risk, scaled by a constant hyperparameter $\eta$. We show that after at most $1/\gamma^2$ burn-in steps,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Ruiqi Zhang , Jingfeng Wu , Licong Lin , Peter L. Bartlett

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a central tool in machine learning. We prove that SGD converges to zero loss, even with a fixed (non-vanishing) learning rate - in the special case of homogeneous linear classifiers with smooth monotone…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-19 Mor Shpigel Nacson , Nathan Srebro , Daniel Soudry

We examine gradient descent on unregularized logistic regression problems, with homogeneous linear predictors on linearly separable datasets. We show the predictor converges to the direction of the max-margin (hard margin SVM) solution. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Daniel Soudry , Elad Hoffer , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Suriya Gunasekar , Nathan Srebro

We provide a detailed study on the implicit bias of gradient descent when optimizing loss functions with strictly monotone tails, such as the logistic loss, over separable datasets. We look at two basic questions: (a) what are the…

We establish the asymptotic implicit bias of gradient descent (GD) for generic non-homogeneous deep networks under exponential loss. Specifically, we characterize three key properties of GD iterates starting from a sufficiently small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yuhang Cai , Kangjie Zhou , Jingfeng Wu , Song Mei , Michael Lindsey , Peter L. Bartlett

Recent research shows that when Gradient Descent (GD) is applied to neural networks, the loss almost never decreases monotonically. Instead, the loss oscillates as gradient descent converges to its ''Edge of Stability'' (EoS). Here, we find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Itai Kreisler , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Daniel Soudry , Yair Carmon

Classical optimisation theory guarantees monotonic objective decrease for gradient descent (GD) when employed in a small step size, or ``stable", regime. In contrast, gradient descent on neural networks is frequently performed in a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Lachlan Ewen MacDonald , Hancheng Min , Leandro Palma , Salma Tarmoun , Ziqing Xu , René Vidal

Gradient Descent (GD) is a powerful workhorse of modern machine learning thanks to its scalability and efficiency in high-dimensional spaces. Its ability to find local minimisers is only guaranteed for losses with Lipschitz gradients, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Lei Chen , Joan Bruna

We study the gradient descent (GD) dynamics of a depth-2 linear neural network with a single input and output. We show that GD converges at an explicit linear rate to a global minimum of the training loss, even with a large stepsize --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Pierfrancesco Beneventano , Blake Woodworth

We consider the optimization problem of minimizing the logistic loss with gradient descent to train a linear model for binary classification with separable data. With a budget of $T$ iterations, it was recently shown that an accelerated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Michael Crawshaw , Mingrui Liu
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