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From soil to the gut, communities composed of thousands of microbes perform functions such as carbon sequestration and immune system regulation. Here, we introduce a data-driven approach that explains how community function can be traced to…
Fueled by breakthrough technology developments, the biological, biomedical, and behavioral sciences are now collecting more data than ever before. There is a critical need for time- and cost-efficient strategies to analyze and interpret…
Objective and Impact Statement: Accurate organ segmentation is critical for many clinical applications at different clinical sites, which may have their specific application requirements that concern different organs. Introduction: However,…
Cognitive function requires the coordination of neural activity across many scales, from neurons and circuits to large-scale networks. As such, it is unlikely that an explanatory framework focused upon any single scale will yield a…
Additive models (AMs) have sparked a lot of interest in machine learning recently, allowing the incorporation of interpretable structures into a wide range of model classes. Many commonly used approaches to fit a wide variety of potentially…
Discrete data such as counts of microbiome taxa resulting from next-generation sequencing are routinely encountered in bioinformatics. Taxa count data in microbiome studies are typically high-dimensional, over-dispersed, and can only reveal…
In-body communication is an upcoming field with significant implications for medical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. Microbubbles have gained attention due to their distinct physical properties, making them promising candidates…
The paper is a short review of medical image segmentation using U-Net and its variants. As we understand going through a medical images is not an easy job for any clinician either radiologist or pathologist. Analysing medical images is the…
A celebrated and controversial hypothesis conjectures that some biological systems --parts, aspects, or groups of them-- may extract important functional benefits from operating at the edge of instability, halfway between order and…
Robust and efficient learning remains a challenging problem in robotics, in particular with complex visual inputs. Inspired by human attention mechanism, with which we quickly process complex visual scenes and react to changes in the…
Projection and ranking are frequently used analysis techniques in multi-attribute data exploration. Both families of techniques help analysts with tasks such as identifying similarities between observations and determining ordered…
Evolution and its intelligence element present thrill and challenges in its exploration. Yet, how species have memory, retrieve them and maintain continuity are the fundamental questions. Most of the phenomenon can only be hypothesised by…
The brain is made up of a vast set of heterogeneous regions that dynamically organize into pathways as a function of task demands. Examples of such pathways can be found in the interactions between cortical and subcortical networks during…
Microbiomes, which are collections of interacting microbes in an environment, often substantially impact the environmental patches or living hosts that they occupy. In microbiome models, it is important to consider both the local dynamics…
Exploiting the relationships between attributes is a key challenge for improving multiple facial attribute recognition. In this work, we are concerned with two types of correlations that are spatial and non-spatial relationships. For the…
The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience is known to be one of the most crucial factors that drive preterm infant's neurodevelopmental and health outcomes. It is hypothesized that stressful early life experience of very preterm…
This review aims to contribute to the quest for artificial general intelligence by examining neuroscience and cognitive psychology methods for potential inspiration. Despite the impressive advancements achieved by deep learning models in…
In microbiome studies, it is often of great interest to identify clusters or partitions of microbiome profiles within a study population and to characterize the distinctive attributes of each resulting microbial community. While raw counts…
This review highlights brain health as a dynamic process shaped by both genetic and environmental influences throughout development. Critical periods provide unique windows of heightened neural plasticity, during which genetic-environmental…
In neuroimaging data analysis, Gaussian graphical models are often used to model statistical dependencies across spatially remote brain regions known as functional connectivity. Typically, data is collected across a cohort of subjects and…