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Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized framework for training and fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging computational resources across organizations while keeping sensitive data on local devices. It addresses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm enabling multiple clients to train a global model collaboratively without sharing their raw data. While FL enhances data privacy by design, it remains vulnerable…

Federated Learning (FL) represents a significant advancement in distributed machine learning, enabling multiple participants to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data. This decentralized approach enhances privacy by keeping…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Jaydip Sen , Hetvi Waghela , Sneha Rakshit

Federated learning enables multiple data owners to collaboratively train robust machine learning models without transferring large or sensitive local datasets by only sharing the parameters of the locally trained models. In this paper, we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zilinghan Li , Shilan He , Pranshu Chaturvedi , Volodymyr Kindratenko , Eliu A Huerta , Kibaek Kim , Ravi Madduri

Motivated by the advancing computational capacity of wireless end-user equipment (UE), as well as the increasing concerns about sharing private data, a new machine learning (ML) paradigm has emerged, namely federated learning (FL).…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Chuan Ma , Jun Li , Ming Ding , Howard Hao Yang , Feng Shu , Tony Q. S. Quek , H. Vincent Poor

In the recent years, generation of data have escalated to extensive dimensions and big data has emerged as a propelling force in the development of various machine learning advances and internet-of-things (IoT) devices. In this regard, the…

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a method to preserve privacy in collaborative distributed learning. In FL, clients train AI models directly on their devices rather than sharing data with a centralized server, which can pose privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haleh Hayati , Carlos Murguia , Nathan van de Wouw

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have revolutionized the NLP landscape, achieving stellar performances across diverse tasks. These models, while benefiting from vast training data, often require fine-tuning on specific data to cater to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jingwei Sun , Ziyue Xu , Hongxu Yin , Dong Yang , Daguang Xu , Yiran Chen , Holger R. Roth

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a learning method to enable the server to train models over data distributed among various clients. These clients are protective about their data being leaked to the server, any other client, or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Uday Bhaskar , Varul Srivastava , Avyukta Manjunatha Vummintala , Naresh Manwani , Sujit Gujar

The widespread adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been driven by significant advances in intelligent system research. However, this progress has raised concerns about data privacy, leading to a growing awareness of the need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Md. Tanzib Hosain , Asif Zaman , Md. Shahriar Sajid , Shadman Sakeeb Khan , Shanjida Akter

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning strategy that enables participants to collaborate and train a shared model without sharing their individual datasets. Privacy and fairness are crucial considerations in FL. While FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Ayush K. Varshney , Sonakshi Garg , Arka Ghosh , Sargam Gupta

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values often involves balancing multiple, conflicting objectives such as helpfulness and harmlessness. Training these models is computationally intensive, and centralizing the process raises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Fatemeh Nourzad , Amirhossein Roknilamouki , Eylem Ekici , Jia Liu , Ness Shroff

Federated Learning (FL) enables distributed machine learning training while preserving privacy, representing a paradigm shift for data-sensitive and decentralized environments. Despite its rapid advancements, FL remains a complex and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Frederico Vicente , Cláudia Soares , Dušan Jakovetić

Large Language Models (LLM) and foundation models are popular as they offer new opportunities for individuals and businesses to improve natural language processing, interact with data, and retrieve information faster. However, training or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Herbert Woisetschläger , Alexander Isenko , Shiqiang Wang , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Current state-of-the-art deep learning based face recognition (FR) models require a large number of face identities for central training. However, due to the growing privacy awareness, it is prohibited to access the face images on user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Chih-Ting Liu , Chien-Yi Wang , Shao-Yi Chien , Shang-Hong Lai

Foundation models (FMs) are general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) models that have recently enabled multiple brand-new generative AI applications. The rapid advances in FMs serve as an important contextual backdrop for the vision of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Zihan Chen , Howard H. Yang , Y. C. Tay , Kai Fong Ernest Chong , Tony Q. S. Quek

The success of current Large-Language Models (LLMs) hinges on extensive training data that is collected and stored centrally, called Centralized Learning (CL). However, such a collection manner poses a privacy threat, and one potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Huiwen Wu , Xiaogang Xu , Deyi Zhang , Xiaohan Li , Jiafei Wu , Zhe Liu

Federated learning (FL) as distributed machine learning has gained popularity as privacy-aware Machine Learning (ML) systems have emerged as a technique that prevents privacy leakage by building a global model and by conducting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae

The classical machine learning paradigm requires the aggregation of user data in a central location where machine learning practitioners can preprocess data, calculate features, tune models and evaluate performance. The advantage of this…

Federated learning (FL) has great potential for large-scale machine learning (ML) without exposing raw data.Differential privacy (DP) is the de facto standard of privacy protection with provable guarantees.Advances in ML suggest that DP…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Xuebin Ren , Shusen Yang , Cong Zhao , Julie McCann , Zongben Xu