English
Related papers

Related papers: AutoTrial: Prompting Language Models for Clinical …

200 papers

Recruiting patients to participate in clinical trials can be challenging and time-consuming. Usually, participation in a clinical trial is initiated by a healthcare professional and proposed to the patient. Promoting clinical trials…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mathilde Aguiar , Pierre Zweigenbaum , Nona Naderi

Clinical trials are critical for advancing medical treatments but remain prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. Accurate prediction of clinical trial outcomes can significantly reduce research and development costs and accelerate drug…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Fengze Liu , Haoyu Wang , Joonhyuk Cho , Dan Roth , Andrew W. Lo

Clinical trials need to recruit a sufficient number of volunteer patients to demonstrate the statistical power of the treatment (e.g., a new drug) in curing a certain disease. Clinical trial recruitment has a significant impact on trial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Ling Yue , Sixue Xing , Jintai Chen , Tianfan Fu

Clinical trials constitute a critical yet exceptionally challenging and costly stage of drug development (\$2.6B per drug), where protocols are encoded as complex natural language documents, motivating the use of AI systems beyond manual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Sixue Xing , Kerui Wu , Xuanye Xia , Meng Jiang , Jintai Chen , Tianfan Fu

Physicians considering clinical trials for their patients are met with the laborious process of checking many text based eligibility criteria. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to perform well for clinical information extraction and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Danny M. den Hamer , Perry Schoor , Tobias B. Polak , Daniel Kapitan

Clinical trial eligibility matching is a critical yet often labor-intensive and error-prone step in medical research, as it ensures that participants meet precise criteria for safe and reliable study outcomes. Recent advances in Natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Muhammad Talha Sharif , Abdul Rehman

Motivation: Phenotype concept recognition (CR) is a fundamental task in biomedical text mining. However, existing methods either require ontology-specific training, making them struggle to generalize across diverse text styles and evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yicheng Tao , Yuanhao Huang , Yiqun Wang , Xin Luo , Jie Liu

Objective: Clinical trials are essential for advancing pharmaceutical interventions, but they face a bottleneck in selecting eligible participants. Although leveraging electronic health records (EHR) for recruitment has gained popularity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Mojdeh Rahmanian , Seyed Mostafa Fakhrahmad , Seyedeh Zahra Mousavi

Automatic identification of clinical trials for which a patient is eligible is complicated by the fact that trial eligibility is stated in natural language. A potential solution to this problem is to employ text classification methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Yumeng Yang , Soumya Jayaraj , Ethan B Ludmir , Kirk Roberts

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for clinical decision support, where hallucinations and unsafe suggestions may pose direct risks to patient safety. These risks are hard to assess: subtle clinical errors are often missed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yinzhu Chen , Abdine Maiga , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz

Screening patients for clinical trial eligibility remains a manual, time-consuming, and resource-intensive process. We present a secure, scalable proof-of-concept system for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-augmented patient-trial matching that…

Eligibility criteria (EC) are essential for clinical trial design, yet drafting them remains a time-intensive and cognitively demanding task for clinicians. Existing automated approaches often fall at two extremes either requiring highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Trisha Das , Katherine Kero , Dorinda Schumann , Tracy Ohrt , Sanjit Singh Batra , Gregory D Lyng , Robert E. Tillman

New medical treatment development requires multiple phases of clinical trials. Despite the significant human and financial costs of bringing a drug to market, less than 20% of drugs in testing will make it from the first phase to final…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Michael Reinisch , Jianfeng He , Chenxi Liao , Sauleh Ahmad Siddiqui , Bei Xiao

Managing clinical trial information is currently a significant challenge for the medical industry, as traditional methods are both time-consuming and costly. This paper proposes a simple yet effective methodology to extract and integrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Berkan Çakır

Clinical trials are a critical process in the medical field for introducing new treatments and innovations. However, cohort selection for clinical trials is a time-consuming process that often requires manual review of patient text records…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chi-en Amy Tai , Xavier Tannier

Background and Significance: Selecting cohorts for a clinical trial typically requires costly and time-consuming manual chart reviews resulting in poor participation. To help automate the process, National NLP Clinical Challenges (N2C2)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Samarth Rawal , Ashok Prakash , Soumya Adhya , Sidharth Kulkarni , Saadat Anwar , Chitta Baral , Murthy Devarakonda

Matching patients to clinical trials is a key unsolved challenge in bringing new drugs to market. Today, identifying patients who meet a trial's eligibility criteria is highly manual, taking up to 1 hour per patient. Automated screening is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Michael Wornow , Alejandro Lozano , Dev Dash , Jenelle Jindal , Kenneth W. Mahaffey , Nigam H. Shah

Cyber-physical systems like autonomous vehicles are tested in simulation before deployment, using domain-specific programs for scenario specification. To aid the testing of autonomous vehicles in simulation, we design a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Rimvydas Rubavicius , Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Autonomous driving (AD) testing constitutes a critical methodology for assessing performance benchmarks prior to product deployment. The creation of segmented scenarios within a simulated environment is acknowledged as a robust and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xuan Cai , Xuesong Bai , Zhiyong Cui , Danmu Xie , Daocheng Fu , Haiyang Yu , Yilong Ren

The remarkable success of pretrained language models has motivated the study of what kinds of knowledge these models learn during pretraining. Reformulating tasks as fill-in-the-blanks problems (e.g., cloze tests) is a natural approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Taylor Shin , Yasaman Razeghi , Robert L. Logan , Eric Wallace , Sameer Singh
‹ Prev 1 2 3 10 Next ›