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Virtual Labs offer valuable opportunities for hands-on, inquiry-based science learning, yet teachers often struggle to adapt them to fit their instructional goals. Third-party materials may not align with classroom needs, and developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 R. Alexander Knipper , Indrani Dey , Souvika Sarkar , Hari Narayanan , Sadhana Puntambekar , Santu Karmaker

Large Language Models are expressive tools that enable complex tasks of text understanding within Computational Social Science. Their versatility, while beneficial, poses a barrier for establishing standardized best practices within the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Anders Giovanni Møller , Luca Maria Aiello

Pre-trained language models have contributed significantly to relation extraction by demonstrating remarkable few-shot learning abilities. However, prompt tuning methods for relation extraction may still fail to generalize to those rare or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Xiang Chen , Lei Li , Ningyu Zhang , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Huajun Chen

The recent advancement of large language models (LLMs) has been achieved through a combo of instruction tuning and human alignment. However, building manually crafted instruction datasets and performing human alignment become the bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tao Feng , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun

Curricular analytics (CA) -- systematic analysis of curricula data to inform program and course refinement -- becomes an increasingly valuable tool to help institutions align academic offerings with evolving societal and economic demands.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zhen Xu , Xinjin Li , Yingqi Huan , Veronica Minaya , Renzhe Yu

Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) to follow human instructions across diverse tasks, relying on high-quality datasets to guide behavior. However, these datasets, whether manually curated or synthetically generated,…

Q-learning excels in learning from feedback within sequential decision-making tasks but often requires extensive sampling to achieve significant improvements. While reward shaping can enhance learning efficiency, non-potential-based methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Xiefeng Wu

Instruction fine-tuning has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving the zero-shot capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) on new tasks. This technique has shown particular strength in improving the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jiuding Sun , Chantal Shaib , Byron C. Wallace

This paper explores a simple method for improving the zero-shot learning abilities of language models. We show that instruction tuning -- finetuning language models on a collection of tasks described via instructions -- substantially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Jason Wei , Maarten Bosma , Vincent Y. Zhao , Kelvin Guu , Adams Wei Yu , Brian Lester , Nan Du , Andrew M. Dai , Quoc V. Le

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive reasoning and data augmentation capabilities in various NLP tasks. However, what about small models? In this work, we propose TeacherLM-7.1B, capable of annotating relevant fundamentals, chain…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in a wide array of natural language processing tasks. However, its effectiveness over discourse-level event relation extraction (ERE) tasks remains unexplored. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Kangda Wei , Aayush Gautam , Ruihong Huang

Large language models (LLMs) encode extensive world knowledge through pre-training on massive datasets, which can then be fine-tuned for the question-answering (QA) task. However, effective strategies for fine-tuning LLMs for the QA task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan

With large language models (LLMs) achieving remarkable breakthroughs in natural language processing (NLP) domains, LLM-enhanced recommender systems have received much attention and have been actively explored currently. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jianghao Lin , Rong Shan , Chenxu Zhu , Kounianhua Du , Bo Chen , Shigang Quan , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

This work investigates whether small-scale LMs can benefit from instruction tuning. We compare conversational and question-answering instruction tuning datasets, applied either in a merged or sequential curriculum, using decoder-only models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Luca Capone , Alessandro Bondielli , Alessandro Lenci

Conversational question-answering (CQA) systems aim to create interactive search systems that effectively retrieve information by interacting with users. To replicate human-to-human conversations, existing work uses human annotators to play…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Zahra Abbasiantaeb , Yifei Yuan , Evangelos Kanoulas , Mohammad Aliannejadi

In spite of the potential for ground-breaking achievements offered by large language models (LLMs) (e.g., GPT-3), they still lag significantly behind fully-supervised baselines (e.g., fine-tuned BERT) in relation extraction (RE). This is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zhen Wan , Fei Cheng , Zhuoyuan Mao , Qianying Liu , Haiyue Song , Jiwei Li , Sadao Kurohashi

Relation extraction (RE) is the core NLP task of inferring semantic relationships between entities from text. Standard supervised RE techniques entail training modules to tag tokens comprising entity spans and then predict the relationship…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Somin Wadhwa , Silvio Amir , Byron C. Wallace

Recently, large language models (LLMs) (e.g., GPT-4) have demonstrated impressive general-purpose task-solving abilities, including the potential to approach recommendation tasks. Along this line of research, this work aims to investigate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Yupeng Hou , Junjie Zhang , Zihan Lin , Hongyu Lu , Ruobing Xie , Julian McAuley , Wayne Xin Zhao

Leader-follower interaction is an important paradigm in human-robot interaction (HRI). Yet, assigning roles in real time remains challenging for resource-constrained mobile and assistive robots. While large language models (LLMs) have shown…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Rafael R. Baptista , André de Lima Salgado , Ricardo V. Godoy , Marcelo Becker , Thiago Boaventura , Gustavo J. G. Lahr

Automatic relationship extraction (RE) from biomedical literature is critical for managing the vast amount of scientific knowledge produced each year. In recent years, utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) has become the prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Mario Sänger , Ulf Leser