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Synthesis of thin films has traditionally relied upon slow, sequential processes carried out with substantial human intervention, frequently utilizing a mix of experience and serendipity to optimize material structure and properties. With…
Combinatorial sputtering is a physical vapor deposition method that enables the high-throughput synthesis of compositionally varied thin films. Using this technique, the effects of stoichiometry on specific properties of alloy thin films…
We introduce a Bayesian optimization approach to guide the sputter deposition of molybdenum thin films, aiming to achieve desired residual stress and sheet resistance while minimizing susceptibility to stochastic fluctuations during…
A magnetron sputtering method for the production of thin-film libraries with a spatially varying composition, x, in Bi2Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2Oy (0<=x<=0.5) has been developed. Two targets with a composition of Bi2Sr2YCu2O_{8.5 + \delta} and…
Controlled synthesis of materials with specified atomic structures underpins technological advances yet remains reliant on iterative, trial-and-error approaches. Nanoparticles (NPs), whose atomic arrangement dictates their emergent…
Autonomous science platforms which make decisions on the fly are fundamentally changing the outlook for materials development. AI-driven schemes can effectively reduce the total number of iterations needed to arrive at the best…
The integration of machine learning and robotics into thin film deposition is transforming material discovery and optimization. However, challenges remain in achieving a fully autonomous cycle of deposition, characterization, and…
The rapid validation of newly predicted materials through autonomous synthesis requires real-time adaptive control methods that exploit physics knowledge, a capability that is lacking in most systems. Here, we demonstrate an approach to…
The optimization of nanomaterial synthesis using numerous synthetic variables is considered to be extremely laborious task because the conventional combinatorial explorations are prohibitively expensive. In this work, we report an…
A current approach to depositing highly plasmonic titanium nitride films using the magnetron sputtering technique assumes that the process is performed at temperatures high enough to ensure the atoms have sufficient diffusivities to form…
Magnetron sputtering inherently exhibits the advantage of dislodging particles from the target in a ratio equivalent to the target stoichiometry. Nevertheless, film compositions often deviate due to element-dependent scattering with the…
2D materials are emerging as promising nanomaterials for applications in energy storage and catalysis. In the wet chemical synthesis of MXenes, these 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides are terminated with a variety of functional…
Self-driving labs (SDLs), employing automation and machine learning (ML) to accelerate experimental procedures, have enormous potential in the discovery of new materials. However, in thin film science, SDLs are mainly restricted to…
Titanium nitride is a material of interest for many superconducting devices such as nanowire microwave resonators and photon detectors. Thus, controlling the growth of TiN thin films with desirable properties is of high importance. In…
Ternary transition metal nitride coatings are promising for many applications as they can offer improved hardness and oxidation resistance compared to binary counterparts. A common challenge in the deposition of functional nitride thin…
This study aims towards a systematic reciprocity of the tunable synthesis parameters - partial pressure of N$_2$ gas, ion energy (\Ei) and Ti interface in TiN thin film samples deposited using ion beam sputtering at ambient temperature…
Field-induced self-organized patterning in ultrathin (< 100 nm) polymer films produces resolutions of the order of 10 {\mu}m or more because of the high energy penalty for the surface deformations on small scales. We propose here a very…
Currently, an excessive amount of event data is being obtained in four-dimensional inelastic neutron-scattering experiments. A method for automatic bin-width optimization of multidimensional histograms has been developed and recently…
Accelerating the discovery of mechanical properties in combinatorial materials requires autonomous experimentation that accounts for both instrument behavior and experimental cost. Here, an automated nanoindentation (AE-NI) framework is…
A combinatorial thin-film synthesis approach combined with a high throughput analysis methodology was successfully applied to synthesize TiN/Ni coatings with optimum mechanical properties. The synthesis approach consists of the deposition…