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Query Performance Prediction (QPP) estimates the effectiveness of a search engine's results in response to a query without relevance judgments. Traditionally, post-retrieval predictors have focused upon either the distribution of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Maria Vlachou , Craig Macdonald

The goal of query performance prediction (QPP) is to automatically estimate the effectiveness of a search result for any given query, without relevance judgements. Post-retrieval features have been shown to be more effective for this task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Sébastien Déjean , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Josiane Mothe , Md Zia Ullah

Evaluation in Information Retrieval relies on post-hoc empirical procedures, which are time-consuming and expensive operations. To alleviate this, Query Performance Prediction (QPP) models have been developed to estimate the performance of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Guglielmo Faggioli , Thibault Formal , Stefano Marchesin , Stéphane Clinchant , Nicola Ferro , Benjamin Piwowarski

Query Performance Prediction (QPP) estimates the retrieval quality of ranking models without the use of any human-assessed relevance judgements, and finds applications in query-specific selective decision making to improve overall retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Fangzheng Tian , Debasis Ganguly , Craig Macdonald

Query performance prediction (QPP) is an important and actively studied information retrieval task, having various applications, such as query reformulation, query expansion, and retrieval system selection, among many others. The task has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Adrian Catalin Lutu , Eduard Poesina , Radu Tudor Ionescu

We study the problem of Query Performance Prediction (QPP) for open-domain multi-hop Question Answering (QA), where the task is to estimate the difficulty of evaluating a multi-hop question over a corpus. Despite the extensive research on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Mohammadreza Samadi , Davood Rafiei

Motivated by the recent success of end-to-end deep neural models for ranking tasks, we present here a supervised end-to-end neural approach for query performance prediction (QPP). In contrast to unsupervised approaches that rely on various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Suchana Datta , Debasis Ganguly , Derek Greene , Mandar Mitra

Query performance prediction (QPP) aims to estimate the retrieval quality of a search system for a query without human relevance judgments. Previous QPP methods typically return a single scalar value and do not require the predicted values…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chuan Meng , Negar Arabzadeh , Arian Askari , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Maarten de Rijke

Query performance prediction (QPP) aims to forecast the effectiveness of a search engine across a range of queries and documents. While state-of-the-art predictors offer a certain level of precision, their accuracy is not flawless. Prior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Adrian-Gabriel Chifu , Sébastien Déjean , Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe , Diégo Ortiz , Md Zia Ullah

Query Performance Prediction (QPP) estimates retrieval systems effectiveness for a given query, offering valuable insights for search effectiveness and query processing. Despite extensive research, QPPs face critical challenges in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Adrian-Gabriel Chifu , Sébastien Déjean , Josiane Mothe , Moncef Garouani , Diego Ortiz , Md Zia Ullah

Despite the retrieval effectiveness of queries being mutually independent of one another, the evaluation of query performance prediction (QPP) systems has been carried out by measuring rank correlation over an entire set of queries. Such a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Suchana Datta , Debasis Ganguly , Derek Greene , Mandar Mitra

Conversational search supports multi-turn user-system interactions to solve complex information needs. Different from the traditional single-turn ad-hoc search, conversational search encounters a more challenging problem of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Fengran Mo , Chen Qu , Kelong Mao , Yihong Wu , Zhan Su , Kaiyu Huang , Jian-Yun Nie

Proactive search in conversations (PSC) aims to reduce user effort in formulating explicit queries by proactively retrieving useful relevant information given conversational context. Previous work in PSC either directly uses this context as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chuan Meng , Francesco Tonolini , Fengran Mo , Nikolaos Aletras , Emine Yilmaz , Gabriella Kazai

Leveraging query variants (QVs), i.e., queries with potentially similar information needs to the target query, has been shown to improve the effectiveness of query performance prediction (QPP) approaches. Existing QV-based QPP methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Fangzheng Tian , Debasis Ganguly , Craig Macdonald

A query performance predictor estimates the retrieval effectiveness of an IR system for a given query. An important characteristic of QPP evaluation is that, since the ground truth retrieval effectiveness for QPP evaluation can be measured…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Debasis Ganguly , Suchana Datta , Mandar Mitra , Derek Greene

Fine-tuning in information retrieval systems using pre-trained language models (PLM-based IR) requires learning query representations and query-document relations, in addition to downstream task-specific learning. This study introduces…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Atsushi Keyaki , Ribeka Keyaki

The standard practice of query performance prediction (QPP) evaluation is to measure a set-level correlation between the estimated retrieval qualities and the true ones. However, neither this correlation-based evaluation measure quantifies…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Payel Santra , Partha Basuchowdhuri , Debasis Ganguly

While large-scale pre-trained language models like BERT have advanced the state-of-the-art in IR, its application in query performance prediction (QPP) is so far based on pointwise modeling of individual queries. Meanwhile, recent studies…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xiaoyang Chen , Ben He , Le Sun

A large number of approaches to Query Performance Prediction (QPP) have been proposed over the last two decades. As early as 2009, Hauff et al. [28] explored whether different QPP methods may be combined to improve prediction quality. Since…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Sourav Saha , Suchana Datta , Dwaipayan Roy , Mandar Mitra , Derek Greene

The traditional use-case of query performance prediction (QPP) is to identify which queries perform well and which perform poorly for a given ranking model. A more fine-grained and arguably more challenging extension of this task is to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Payel Santra , Partha Basuchowdhuri , Debasis Ganguly
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