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The message-passing mechanism underlying Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is not naturally suited for heterophilic datasets, where adjacent nodes often have different labels. Most solutions to this problem remain confined to the task of node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Andrea Giuseppe Di Francesco , Francesco Caso , Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Fabrizio Silvestri

Uncertainty quantification is essential for deploying reliable Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), where existing approaches primarily rely on Bayesian inference or ensembles. In this paper, we introduce the first credal graph neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Matteo Tolloso , Davide Bacciu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by using graph structures based on the relational inductive bias (homophily assumption). While GNNs have been commonly believed to outperform NNs in real-world tasks, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Mingde Zhao , Shuyuan Zhang , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

Hypergraphs provide a natural way to represent higher-order interactions among multiple entities. While undirected hypergraphs have been extensively studied, the case of directed hypergraphs, which can model oriented group interactions,…

Graph Neural Network (GNN) research has highlighted a relationship between high homophily (i.e., the tendency of nodes of the same class to connect) and strong predictive performance in node classification. However, recent work has found…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Donald Loveland , Jiong Zhu , Mark Heimann , Benjamin Fish , Michael T. Schaub , Danai Koutra

A fundamental challenge in understanding graph neural networks (GNNs) lies in characterizing their optimization dynamics and loss landscape geometry, critical for improving interpretability and robustness. While mode connectivity, a lens…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Bingheng Li , Zhikai Chen , Haoyu Han , Shenglai Zeng , Jingzhe Liu , Jiliang Tang

We propose AGS-GNN, a novel attribute-guided sampling algorithm for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that exploits node features and connectivity structure of a graph while simultaneously adapting for both homophily and heterophily in graphs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Siddhartha Shankar Das , S M Ferdous , Mahantesh M Halappanavar , Edoardo Serra , Alex Pothen

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown prominent performance in semi-supervised node classification by leveraging knowledge from the graph database. However, most existing GNNs follow the homophily assumption, where connected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Henan Sun , Xunkai Li , Zhengyu Wu , Daohan Su , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

Graphs are structured data that models complex relations between real-world entities. Heterophilic graphs, where linked nodes are prone to be with different labels or dissimilar features, have recently attracted significant attention and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Chenghua Gong , Yao Cheng , Jianxiang Yu , Can Xu , Caihua Shan , Siqiang Luo , Xiang Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely applied to various fields due to their powerful representations of graph-structured data. Despite the success of GNNs, most existing GNNs are designed to learn node representations on the fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Seongjun Yun , Minbyul Jeong , Sungdong Yoo , Seunghun Lee , Sean S. Yi , Raehyun Kim , Jaewoo Kang , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, leveraging message passing to diffuse information and update node representations. However, most efforts have suggested that native…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sujia Huang , Lele Fu , Zhen Cui , Tong Zhang , Na Song , Bo Huang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown significant success in learning graph representations. However, recent studies reveal that GNNs often fail to outperform simple MLPs on heterophilous graph tasks, where connected nodes may differ in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Songwei Zhao , Yuan Jiang , Zijing Zhang , Yang Yu , Hechang Chen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a central tool for learning on graph-structured data, yet their applicability to real-world systems remains limited by key challenges such as scalability, temporality, directionality, data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Emanuele Rossi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are becoming central in the study of time series, coupled with existing algorithms as Temporal Convolutional Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks. In this paper, we see time series themselves as directed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Angelica Simonetti , Ferdinando Zanchetta

Graph-structured data consisting of objects (i.e., nodes) and relationships among objects (i.e., edges) are ubiquitous. Graph-level learning is a matter of studying a collection of graphs instead of a single graph. Traditional graph-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Ge Zhang , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Shan Xue , Wenbin Hu , Chuan Zhou , Hao Peng , Quan Z. Sheng , Charu Aggarwal

Graph convolutional networks(GCNs) have become the most popular approaches for graph data in these days because of their powerful ability to extract features from graph. GCNs approaches are divided into two categories, spectral-based and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Yi Ma , Jianye Hao , Yaodong Yang , Han Li , Junqi Jin , Guangyong Chen

Heterophily is a prevalent property of real-world graphs and is well known to impair the performance of homophilic Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Prior work has attempted to adapt GNNs to heterophilic graphs through non-local neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Xiangmeng Wang , Qian Li , Haiyang Xia , Hao Miao , Qing Li , Guandong Xu

Graph Drawing techniques have been developed in the last few years with the purpose of producing aesthetically pleasing node-link layouts. Recently, the employment of differentiable loss functions has paved the road to the massive usage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Matteo Tiezzi , Gabriele Ciravegna , Marco Gori

In many important graph data processing applications the acquired information includes both node features and observations of the graph topology. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to exploit both sources of evidence but they do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Eli Chien , Jianhao Peng , Pan Li , Olgica Milenkovic

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have significant advantages in handling non-Euclidean data and have been widely applied across various areas, thus receiving increasing attention in recent years. The framework of GNN models mainly includes the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Shengda Zhuo , Jiwang Fang , Hongguang Lin , Yin Tang , Min Chen , Changdong Wang , Shuqiang Huang