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Visual Question Answering (VQA) has emerged as a Visual Turing Test to validate the reasoning ability of AI agents. The pivot to existing VQA models is the joint embedding that is learned by combining the visual features from an image and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Moshiur R. Farazi , Salman H. Khan , Nick Barnes

Object-based attention is a key component of the visual system, relevant for perception, learning, and memory. Neurons tuned to features of attended objects tend to be more active than those associated with non-attended objects. There is a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-09 Jordan Lei , Ari S. Benjamin , Konrad P. Kording

The deductive closure of an ideal knowledge base (KB) contains exactly the logical queries that the KB can answer. However, in practice KBs are both incomplete and over-specified, failing to answer some queries that have real-world answers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Haitian Sun , Andrew O. Arnold , Tania Bedrax-Weiss , Fernando Pereira , William W. Cohen

Test-time training (TTT) with KV binding as sequence modeling layer is commonly interpreted as a form of online meta-learning that memorizes a key-value mapping at test time. However, our analysis reveals multiple phenomena that contradict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Junchen Liu , Sven Elflein , Or Litany , Zan Gojcic , Ruilong Li

As the field of Large Language Models (LLMs) continues to evolve, the context length in inference is steadily growing. Key-Value Cache (KVCache), the intermediate representations of tokens within LLM inference, has now become the primary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Hailin Zhang , Xiaodong Ji , Yilin Chen , Fangcheng Fu , Xupeng Miao , Xiaonan Nie , Weipeng Chen , Bin Cui

Equivariance to symmetries has proven to be a powerful inductive bias in deep learning research. Recent works on mesh processing have concentrated on various kinds of natural symmetries, including translations, rotations, scaling, node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Sourya Basu , Jose Gallego-Posada , Francesco Viganò , James Rowbottom , Taco Cohen

Conversational question answering (CQA) is a novel QA task that requires understanding of dialogue context. Different from traditional single-turn machine reading comprehension (MRC) tasks, CQA includes passage comprehension, coreference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng , Xuedong Huang

Quantum machine learning, as an extension of classical machine learning that harnesses quantum mechanics, facilitates effiient learning from data encoded in quantum states. Training a quantum neural network typically demands a substantial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yongcheng Ding , Yue Ban , Mikel Sanz , José D. Martín-Guerrero , Xi Chen

Existing attention mechanisms either attend to local image grid or object level features for Visual Question Answering (VQA). Motivated by the observation that questions can relate to both object instances and their parts, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Moshiur R Farazi , Salman H Khan

We develop hybrid memory architectures for general-purpose sequence processing neural networks, that combine key-value memory using softmax attention (KV-memory) with fast weight memory through dynamic synaptic modulation (FW-memory) -- the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Kazuki Irie , Morris Yau , Samuel J. Gershman

In large-scale recommender systems, ultra-long user behavior sequences encode rich signals of evolving interests. Extending sequence length generally improves accuracy, but directly modeling such sequences in production is infeasible due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kaiyuan Li , Yongxiang Tang , Yanhua Cheng , Yong Bai , Yanxiang Zeng , Chao Wang , Xialong Liu , Peng Jiang

The key-value (KV) cache is a primary memory bottleneck in Transformers. We propose Low-Rank Key-Value (LRKV) attention, which reduces KV cache memory by exploiting redundancy across attention heads, while being compute efficient. Each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 James O'Neill , Robert Clancy , Mariia Matskevichus , Fergal Reid

Transformer architectures are now central to sequence modeling tasks. At its heart is the attention mechanism, which enables effective modeling of long-term dependencies in a sequence. Recently, transformers have been successfully applied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Lin Zheng , Huijie Pan , Lingpeng Kong

The efficiency of large language models (LLMs) remains a critical challenge, particularly in contexts where computational resources are limited. Traditional attention mechanisms in these models, while powerful, require significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Bingli Liao , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas

Quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) have gathered attention as one of the most promising algorithms for quantum machine learning. Reduction in the cost of training as well as improvement in performance is required for practical…

Recently, the advancement of 3D point clouds in deep learning has attracted intensive research in different application domains such as computer vision and robotic tasks. However, creating feature representation of robust, discriminative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Xu Wang , Yi Jin , Yigang Cen , Tao Wang , Yidong Li

Transformers have been proven a successful model for a variety of tasks in sequence modeling. However, computing the attention matrix, which is their key component, has quadratic complexity with respect to the sequence length, thus making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Apoorv Vyas , Angelos Katharopoulos , François Fleuret

Personalizing text-to-image models to generate images of specific subjects across diverse scenes and styles is a rapidly advancing field. Current approaches often face challenges in maintaining a balance between identity preservation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Or Patashnik , Rinon Gal , Daniil Ostashev , Sergey Tulyakov , Kfir Aberman , Daniel Cohen-Or

The increasing context window size in large language models (LLMs) has improved their ability to handle complex, long-text tasks. However, as the conversation rounds continue, it is required to store a large amount of KV cache in GPU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Yaohua Tang , Zhicheng Hu , Kun Cheng , Fan Mo , Qiheng Lv , Hua Wang , Zhi Chen

Linear-attention models that compress the entire input sequence into a fixed-size recurrent state offer an efficient alternative to Transformers, but their finite memory induces forgetfulness that harms retrieval-intensive tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mutian He , Philip N. Garner