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This paper presents a method for automatic segmentation, localization, and identification of vertebrae in arbitrary 3D CT images. Many previous works do not perform the three tasks simultaneously even though requiring a priori knowledge of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Naoto Masuzawa , Yoshiro Kitamura , Keigo Nakamura , Satoshi Iizuka , Edgar Simo-Serra

Purpose: Accurate intraoperative X-ray/CT registration is essential for surgical navigation in orthopedic procedures. However, existing methods struggle with consistently achieving sub-millimeter accuracy, robustness under broad initial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Roman Flepp , Leon Nissen , Bastian Sigrist , Arend Nieuwland , Nicola Cavalcanti , Philipp Fürnstahl , Thomas Dreher , Lilian Calvet

Deep Learning-based 2D/3D registration enables fast, robust, and accurate X-ray to CT image fusion when large annotated paired datasets are available for training. However, the need for paired CT volume and X-ray images with ground truth…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-17 Srikrishna Jaganathan , Maximilian Kukla , Jian Wang , Karthik Shetty , Andreas Maier

The de facto algorithm for facial landmark estimation involves running a face detector with a subsequent deformable model fitting on the bounding box. This encompasses two basic problems: i) the detection and deformable fitting steps are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Jiankang Deng , George Trigeorgis , Yuxiang Zhou , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Metal artifact correction is a challenging problem in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Metal implants inserted into the anatomy cause severe artifacts in reconstructed images. Widely used inpainting-based metal artifact…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Harshit Agrawal , Ari Hietanen , Simo Särkkä

Face alignment (or facial landmarking) is an important task in many face-related applications, ranging from registration, tracking and animation to higher-level classification problems such as face, expression or attribute recognition.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Janez Križaj , Peter Peer , Vitomir Štruc , Simon Dobrišek

This paper presents an innovative automatic fusion imaging system that combines 3D CT/MR images with real-time ultrasound (US) acquisition. The system eliminates the need for external physical markers and complex training, making image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Martina Paccini , Giacomo Paschina , Stefano De Beni , Andrei Stefanov , Velizar Kolev , Giuseppe Patanè

Three-dimensional shape reconstruction of 2D landmark points on a single image is a hallmark of human vision, but is a task that has been proven difficult for computer vision algorithms. We define a feed-forward deep neural network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Ruiqi Zhao , Yan Wang , Aleix Martinez

Cone-beam CT (CBCT)-based online adaptive radiotherapy calls for accurate auto-segmentation to reduce the time cost for physicians to edit contours. However, deep learning (DL)-based direct segmentation of CBCT images is a challenging task,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Xiao Liang , Howard Morgan , Ti Bai , Michael Dohopolski , Dan Nguyen , Steve Jiang

A critical step in virtual dental treatment planning is to accurately delineate all tooth-bone structures from CBCT with high fidelity and accurate anatomical information. Previous studies have established several methods for CBCT…

We present a novel boundary-aware face alignment algorithm by utilising boundary lines as the geometric structure of a human face to help facial landmark localisation. Unlike the conventional heatmap based method and regression based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Wayne Wu , Chen Qian , Shuo Yang , Quan Wang , Yici Cai , Qiang Zhou

Rapid advances in 3D model scanning have enabled the mass digitization of dental clay models. However, most clinicians and researchers continue to use manual morphometric analysis methods on these models such as landmarking. This is a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Artur Agaronyan , HyeRan Choo , Marius Linguraru , Syed Muhammad Anwar

In computer-assisted orthodontics, three-dimensional tooth models are required for many medical treatments. Tooth segmentation from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is a crucial step in constructing the models. However, CBCT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Jiaxiang Liu , Tianxiang Hu , Yang Feng , Wanghui Ding , Zuozhu Liu

Accurate detection of anatomic landmarks is essential for assessing alveolar bone and root conditions, thereby optimizing clinical outcomes in orthodontics, periodontics, and implant dentistry. Manual annotation of landmarks on cone-beam…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Anbang Wang , Marawan Elbatel , Keyuan Liu , Lizhuo Lin , Meng Lan , Yanqi Yang , Xiaomeng Li

We propose a novel landmarks-assisted collaborative end-to-end deep framework for automatic 4D FER. Using 4D face scan data, we calculate its various geometrical images, and afterwards use rank pooling to generate their dynamic images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Muzammil Behzad , Nhat Vo , Xiaobai Li , Guoying Zhao

Dense vertex-to-vertex correspondence between 3D faces is a fundamental and challenging issue for 3D&2D face analysis. While the sparse landmarks have anatomically ground-truth correspondence, the dense vertex correspondences on most facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Zhenfeng Fan , Silong Peng , Shihong Xia

Caricature is an artistic abstraction of the human face by distorting or exaggerating certain facial features, while still retains a likeness with the given face. Due to the large diversity of geometric and texture variations, automatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Hongrui Cai , Yudong Guo , Zhuang Peng , Juyong Zhang

Accurate registration of 2D imagery with point clouds is a key technology for image-LiDAR point cloud fusion, camera to laser scanner calibration and camera localization. Despite continuous improvements, automatic registration of 2D and 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Huai Yu , Weikun Zhen , Wen Yang , Sebastian Scherer

Landmarks often play a key role in face analysis, but many aspects of identity or expression cannot be represented by sparse landmarks alone. Thus, in order to reconstruct faces more accurately, landmarks are often combined with additional…

Face registration deforms a template mesh to closely fit a 3D face scan, the quality of which commonly degrades in non-skin regions (e.g., hair, beard, accessories), because the optimized template-to-scan distance pulls the template mesh…