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It is well-known that orthogonal polynomials on the real line satisfy a three-term recurrence relation and conversely every system of polynomials satisfying a three-term recurrence relation is orthogonal with respect to some positive Borel…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Antonio J. Durán , Walter Van Assche

We study the problem of watermarking large language models (LLMs) generated text -- one of the most promising approaches for addressing the safety challenges of LLM usage. In this paper, we propose a rigorous theoretical framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Xuandong Zhao , Prabhanjan Ananth , Lei Li , Yu-Xiang Wang

Quaternion singular value decomposition (QSVD) is a robust technique of digital watermarking which can extract high quality watermarks from watermarked images with low distortion. In this paper, QSVD technique is further investigated and an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Yong Chen , Zhi-Gang Jia , Ya-Xin Peng , Yan Peng

Molecular dipole moment in liquid water is an intriguing property, partly due to the fact that there is no unique way to partition the total electron density into individual molecular contributions. The prevailing method to circumvent this…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-05-17 Lisanne Knijff , Chao Zhang

The advancement in digital technologies have made it possible to produce perfect copies of digital content. In this environment, malicious users reproduce the digital content and share it without compensation to the content owner. Content…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Sachin Mehta , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran , Rajarathnam Nallusamy , Derrick Newton

Digital multimedia watermarking technology was suggested in the last decade to embed copyright information in digital objects such images, audio and video. However, the increasing use of relational database systems in many real-life…

Databases · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Jun Ziang Pinn , A. Fr. Zung

In recent years, watermarking generative tabular data has become a prominent framework to protect against the misuse of synthetic data. However, while most prior work in watermarking methods for tabular data demonstrate a wide variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dung Daniel Ngo , Archan Ray , Akshay Seshadri , Daniel Scott , Saheed Obitayo , Niraj Kumar , Vamsi K. Potluru , Marco Pistoia , Manuela Veloso

Deep learning has been achieving top performance in many tasks. Since training of a deep learning model requires a great deal of cost, we need to treat neural network models as valuable intellectual properties. One concern in such a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ryota Namba , Jun Sakuma

We develop a numerical scheme for solving time-domain Maxwell's equation. The method is motivated by CIP method which uses function values and its derivatives as unknown variables. The proposed scheme is developed by using the Poisson…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-10-25 Kazufumi Ito , Tomoya Takeuchi

Integrating watermarking into the generation process of latent diffusion models (LDMs) simplifies detection and attribution of generated content. Semantic watermarks, such as Tree-Rings and Gaussian Shading, represent a novel class of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Andreas Müller , Denis Lukovnikov , Jonas Thietke , Asja Fischer , Erwin Quiring

Watermarking techniques offer a promising way to identify machine-generated content via embedding covert information into the contents generated from language models. A challenge in the domain lies in preserving the distribution of original…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yihan Wu , Zhengmian Hu , Junfeng Guo , Hongyang Zhang , Heng Huang

We introduce in this paper two time discretization schemes tailored for a range of Wasserstein gradient flows. These schemes are designed to preserve mass, positivity and to be uniquely solvable. In addition, they also ensure energy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Shiheng Zhang , Jie Shen

Large Language Model (LLM) watermarking is crucial for establishing the provenance of machine-generated text, but most existing methods rely on a centralized trust model. This model forces users to reveal potentially sensitive text to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Xiaokun Luan , Yihao Zhang , Pengcheng Su , Feiran Lei , Meng Sun

Copyright protection and authentication of digital contents has become a significant issue in the current digital epoch with efficient communication mediums such as internet. Plain text is the rampantly used medium used over the internet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-03-10 Zunera Jalil , Anwar M. Mirza , Maria Sabir

In this paper we derive intertwining relations for a broad class of conservative particle systems both in discrete and continuous setting. Using the language of point process theory, we are able to derive a natural framework in which…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-23 Simone Floreani , Sabine Jansen , Frank Redig , Stefan Wagner

Using Onsager variational principle, we study the dynamic coupling between the stress and the composition in polymer solution. In the original derivation of the two-fluid model [Doi and Onuki, J. Phys. II France {\bf 2}, 1631 (1992)], the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-03-14 Jiajia Zhou , Masao Doi

The covalent-like characteristics of hydrogen bonds offer a new perspective on intermolecular interactions. Here, using density functional theory and post-Hartree-Fock methods, we reveal that there are two bonding molecular orbitals (MOs)…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2015-07-09 Bo Wang , Wanrun Jiang , Xing Dai , Yang Gao , Zhigang Wang , Rui-Qin Zhang

Biometric security is a fast growing area. Protecting biometric data is very important since it can be misused by attackers. In order to increase security of biometric data there are different methods in which watermarking is widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-11-07 Sabu M. Thampi , Ann Jisma Jacob

Deep Neural Network (DNN) watermarking is a method for provenance verification of DNN models. Watermarking should be robust against watermark removal attacks that derive a surrogate model that evades provenance verification. Many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Nils Lukas , Edward Jiang , Xinda Li , Florian Kerschbaum

Watermarking has recently emerged as an effective strategy for detecting the outputs of large language models (LLMs). Most existing schemes require white-box access to the model's next-token probability distribution, which is typically not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Dara Bahri , John Wieting