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Autonomous vehicle (AV) systems rely on robust perception models as a cornerstone of safety assurance. However, objects encountered on the road exhibit a long-tailed distribution, with rare or unseen categories posing challenges to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mingfu Liang , Jong-Chyi Su , Samuel Schulter , Sparsh Garg , Shiyu Zhao , Ying Wu , Manmohan Chandraker

In this work, we propose a compositional data-driven approach for the formal estimation of collision risks for autonomous vehicles (AVs) while acting in a stochastic multi-agent framework. The proposed approach is based on the construction…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-21 Abolfazl Lavaei , Luigi Di Lillo , Andrea Censi , Emilio Frazzoli

Estimating the speed of vehicles using traffic cameras is a crucial task for traffic surveillance and management, enabling more optimal traffic flow, improved road safety, and lower environmental impact. Transportation-dependent systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Lucas Liebe , Franz Sauerwald , Sylwester Sawicki , Matthias Schneider , Leo Schuhmann , Tolga Buz , Paul Boes , Ahmad Ahmadov , Gerard de Melo

Reliable confidence estimates are important for safely deploying vision-based controllers in autonomous racing, where safety predictions must be derived from camera images, yet modern predictors become dangerously overconfident under…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhenjiang Mao , Jiawen Wu , Gabriel Wagner , Zhongzheng Zhang , Ivan Ruchkin

Social acceptance is a major hurdle for autonomous vehicle technology, central to which is ensuring both passengers and nearby pedestrians feel safe. This idea of `feeling safe' and perceived safety is highly subjective and rooted in human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Daniel Jiang , Stewart Worrall , Mao Shan

In this paper, we compare three different model-based risk measures by evaluating their stengths and weaknesses qualitatively and testing them quantitatively on a set of real longitudinal and intersection scenarios. We start with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Julian Eggert , Tim Puphal

Autonomous vehicles must navigate dynamically uncertain environments while balancing safety and efficiency. This challenge is exacerbated by unpredictable human-driven vehicle (HV) behaviors and perception inaccuracies, necessitating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Rui Yang , Lei Zheng , Shuzhi Sam Ge , Jun Ma

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication networks enable safety applications via periodic broadcast of Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) or \textit{safety beacons}. Beacons include time-critical information such as sender vehicle's location, speed…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Biplav Choudhury , Vijay K Shah , Avik Dayal , Jeffrey H. Reed

Autonomous vehicles are in an intensive research and development stage, and the organizations developing these systems are targeting to deploy them on public roads in a very near future. One of the expectations from fully-automated vehicles…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali , Georgios Fainekos

Deep neural network controllers for autonomous driving have recently benefited from significant performance improvements, and have begun deployment in the real world. Prior to their widespread adoption, safety guarantees are needed on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Rhiannon Michelmore , Matthew Wicker , Luca Laurenti , Luca Cardelli , Yarin Gal , Marta Kwiatkowska

Autonomous driving has made significant progress in both academia and industry, including performance improvements in perception task and the development of end-to-end autonomous driving systems. However, the safety and robustness…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jingzheng Li , Xianglong Liu , Shikui Wei , Zhijun Chen , Bing Li , Qing Guo , Xianqi Yang , Yanjun Pu , Jiakai Wang

Motivated by the need to analyze continuously updated data sets in the context of time-to-event modeling, we propose a novel nonparametric approach to estimate the conditional hazard function given a set of continuous and discrete…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-03 Daphné Aurouet , Valentin Patilea

Automated vehicles require a comprehensive understanding of traffic situations to ensure safe and anticipatory driving. In this context, the prediction of pedestrians is particularly challenging as pedestrian behavior can be influenced by…

Most autonomous driving safety benchmarks use time-to-collision (TTC) to assess risk and guide safe behaviour. However, TTC-based methods treat risk as a one-dimensional closing problem, despite the inherently two-dimensional nature of…

While emerging adaptive cruise control (ACC) technologies are making their way into more vehicles, they also expose a vulnerability to potential malicious cyberattacks. Previous research has typically focused on constant or stochastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Shian Wang

Vehicle telematics provides granular data for dynamic driving risk assessment, but current methods often rely on aggregated metrics (e.g., harsh braking counts) and do not fully exploit the rich time-series structure of telematics data. In…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-28 Ian Weng Chan , Andrei L. Badescu , X. Sheldon Lin

Dynamic scene understanding is the ability of a computer system to interpret and make sense of the visual information present in a video of a real-world scene. In this thesis, we present a series of frameworks for dynamic scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Salman Khan

Assessing drivers' interaction capabilities is crucial for understanding human driving behavior and enhancing the interactive abilities of autonomous vehicles. In scenarios involving strong interaction, existing metrics focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jiaqi Liu , Peng Hang , Xiangwang Hu , Jian Sun

Extensive evaluation of perception systems is crucial for ensuring the safety of intelligent vehicles in complex driving scenarios. Conventional performance metrics such as precision, recall and the F1-score assess the overall detection…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jörg Gamerdinger , Sven Teufel , Stephan Amann , Lukas Marc Listl , Oliver Bringmann

Establishing trustworthy safety assurance for autonomous driving systems (ADSs) requires evidence that failures arise from avoidable system deficiencies rather than unavoidable traffic conflicts. Current adversarial simulation methods can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yizhuo Xiao , Haotian Yan , Ying Wang , Zhongpan Zhu , Yuxin Zhang , Xintao Yan , Mustafa Suphi Erden , Cheng Wang