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Network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) play an important role in computer network security. There are several detection mechanisms where anomaly-based automated detection outperforms others significantly. Amid the sophistication and…

Outlier detection in tabular data is crucial for safeguarding data integrity in high-stakes domains such as cybersecurity, financial fraud detection, and healthcare, where anomalies can cause serious operational and economic impacts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yihao Ang , Peicheng Yao , Yifan Bao , Yushuo Feng , Qiang Huang , Anthony K. H. Tung , Zhiyong Huang

Outlier detection is an essential capability in safety-critical applications of supervised visual recognition. Most of the existing methods deliver best results by encouraging standard closed-set models to produce low-confidence predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Anja Delić , Matej Grcić , Siniša Šegvić

Recent years have witnessed growing interests in online incremental learning. However, there are three major challenges in this area. The first major difficulty is concept drift, that is, the probability distribution in the streaming data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Si-si Zhang , Jian-wei Liu , Xin Zuo

The Internet of Things (IoT), with its high degree of interconnectivity and limited computational resources, is particularly vulnerable to a wide range of cyber threats. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been extensively studied to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Elvin Li , Onat Gungor , Zhengli Shang , Tajana Rosing

This paper evaluates algorithms for classification and outlier detection accuracies in temporal data. We focus on algorithms that train and classify rapidly and can be used for systems that need to incorporate new data regularly. Hence, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-03 Victoria J. Hodge , Jim Austin

This paper proposes a framework for developing forecasting models by streamlining the connections between core components of the developmental process. The proposed framework enables swift and robust integration of new datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Jonathan Hans Soeseno , Sergio González , Trista Pei-Chun Chen

In critical applications of anomaly detection including computer security and fraud prevention, the anomaly detector must be configurable by the analyst to minimize the effort on false positives. One important way to configure the anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Shubhomoy Das , Md Rakibul Islam , Nitthilan Kannappan Jayakodi , Janardhan Rao Doppa

Normalizing flows are prominent deep generative models that provide tractable probability distributions and efficient density estimation. However, they are well known to fail while detecting Out-of-Distribution (OOD) inputs as they directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Nishant Kumar , Pia Hanfeld , Michael Hecht , Michael Bussmann , Stefan Gumhold , Nico Hoffmann

Efficient and effective Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is essential for the safe deployment of AI systems. Existing feature space methods, while effective, often incur significant computational overhead due to their reliance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Litian Liu , Yao Qin

Anomaly detection is a crucial step for preventing malicious activities in the network and keeping resources available all the time for legitimate users. It is noticed from various studies that classical anomaly detectors work well with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Awais Ahmed , Sufian Hameed , Muhammad Rafi , Qublai Khan Ali Mirza

In order to allow machine learning algorithms to extract knowledge from raw data, these data must first be cleaned, transformed, and put into machine-appropriate form. These often very time-consuming phase is referred to as preprocessing.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 David Cemernek

Time series anomaly detection is a critical machine learning task for numerous applications, such as finance, healthcare, and industrial systems. However, even high-performing models may exhibit potential issues such as biases, leading to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Ziquan Deng , Xiwei Xuan , Kwan-Liu Ma , Zhaodan Kong

The inclusion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is growing rapidly in all application domains. Smart Farming supports devices connected, and with the support of Internet, cloud or edge computing infrastructure provide remote control of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Mary Adkisson , Jeffrey C Kimmel , Maanak Gupta , Mahmoud Abdelsalam

An edge stream is a common form of presentation of dynamic networks. It can evolve with time, with new types of nodes or edges being continuously added. Existing methods for anomaly detection rely on edge occurrence counts or compare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Rui Liu , Siddharth Bhatia , Bryan Hooi

Advances in sensor technology have enabled the collection of large-scale datasets. Such datasets can be extremely noisy and often contain a significant amount of outliers that result from sensor malfunction or human operation faults. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Yu-Hsuan Kuo , Zhenhui Li , Daniel Kifer

In this study, we focus on the analysis of financial data in a federated setting, wherein data is distributed across multiple clients or locations, and the raw data never leaves the local devices. Our primary focus is not only on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Kun Yang , Nikhil Krishnan , Sanjeev R. Kulkarni

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is important for machine learning models deployed in the wild. Recent methods use auxiliary outlier data to regularize the model for improved OOD detection. However, these approaches make a strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Julian Katz-Samuels , Julia Nakhleh , Robert Nowak , Yixuan Li

We propose an observation-driven modeling framework that allows model parameters to vary over time through an implicit score-driven (ISD) update. The ISD update maximizes the logarithmic observation density with respect to the parameter…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-21 Rutger-Jan Lange , Bram van Os , Dick van Dijk

LiDAR point clouds captured in rain or snow are often corrupted by weather-induced returns, which can degrade perception and safety-critical scene understanding. This paper proposes Intensity- and Distance-Aware Statistical Outlier Removal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Chenyang Yan , Mats Bengtsson