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We propose a quantum repeater protocol and architecture that mitigates decoherence of the entangled states by optimizing the quantum memory buffer time. The protocol maximizes the rate of distillable entanglement in the average accessed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-21 Siddhartha Santra , Liang Jiang , Vladimir Malinovsky

In a quantum network that successfully creates links, shared Bell states between neighboring repeater nodes, with probability $p$ in each time slot, and performs Bell State Measurements at nodes with success probability $q<1$, the end to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Ashlesha Patil , Joshua I. Jacobson , Emily van Milligen , Don Towsley , Saikat Guha

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

Long-distance quantum communication via entanglement distribution is of great importance for the quantum internet. However, scaling up to such long distances has proved challenging due to the loss of photons, which grows exponentially with…

A large scale quantum network requires the distribution of high-fidelity end-to-end entanglement. To overcome the range limitations inherent to terrestrial fiber, a leading architecture has emerged: satellite-based sources transmitting…

The distribution of quantum states over long distances is limited by photon loss. Straightforward amplification as in classical telecommunications is not an option in quantum communication because of the no-cloning theorem. This problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-25 Nicolas Sangouard , Christoph Simon , Hugues de Riedmatten , Nicolas Gisin

Quantum repeaters hold the promise to prevent the photon losses in communication channels. Most recently, the serious efforts have been applied to achieve scalable distribution of entanglement over long distances. However, the probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-13 D. Aghamalyan , Yu. Malakyan

Quantum repeaters have promised efficient scaling of quantum networks for over two decades. Despite numerous platforms proclaiming functional repeaters, the realization of large-scale networks remains elusive, indicating that the resources…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Manik Dawar , Ralf Riedinger , Nilesh Vyas , Paulo Mendes

Towards realizing the future quantum internet, a pivotal milestone entails the transition from two-node proof-of-principle experiments conducted in laboratories to comprehensive, multi-node setups on large scales. Here, we report on the…

Long-distance quantum communication requires quantum repeaters to overcome photon loss in optical fibers. Here we demonstrate a repeater node with two memory atoms in an optical cavity. Both atoms are individually and repeatedly entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 S. Langenfeld , P. Thomas , O. Morin , G. Rempe

Quantum network applications like distributed quantum computing and quantum secret sharing present a promising future network equipped with quantum resources. Entanglement generation and distribution over long distances is critical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-01 Chen-Long Li , Yao Fu , Wen-Bo Liu , Yuan-Mei Xie , Bing-Hong Li , Min-Gang Zhou , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

The generation of entanglement between distant atoms via single photons is the basis for networked quantum computing, a promising route to large-scale trapped-ion and trapped-atom processors. Locating the emitter within an optical cavity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-23 Ezra Kassa , William J Hughes , Shaobo Gao , Joseph F Goodwin

We consider quantum networks, where entangled photon pairs are distributed using fibre optic links from a centralized source to entangling nodes. The entanglement is then stored (via an entanglement swap) in entangling nodes' quantum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Vivek Vasan , Anuj Agrawal , Alexander Nico-Katz , Jerry Horgan , Boulat A. Bash , Daniel C. Kilper , Marco Ruffini

Quantum teleportation channels can overcome the effects of photonic loss, a major challenge in the implementation of a quantum network over fiber. Teleportation channels are created by distributing an entangled state between two nodes which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-16 Aparimit Chandra , Wenhan Dai , Don Towsley

We study entanglement distribution in quantum complex networks where nodes are connected by bipartite entangled states. These networks are characterized by a complex structure, which dramatically affects how information is transmitted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-18 Martí Cuquet , John Calsamiglia

The endeavour to develop quantum networks gave rise to a rapidly developing field with far reaching applications such as secure communication and the realisation of distributed computing tasks. This ultimately calls for the creation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-28 J. Wallnöfer , M. Zwerger , C. Muschik , N. Sangouard , W. Dür

At the heart of building a large-scale quantum internet lies the challenge of establishing long-distance entanglement using quantum repeaters, which mitigate direct transmission losses but introduce additional noise in the nodes via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Sudipta Mondal , Pritam Halder , Stav Haldar , Aditi Sen De

An efficient implementation of many multiparty protocols for quantum networks requires that all the nodes in the network share a common reference frame. Establishing such a reference frame from scratch is especially challenging in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-31 Tanvirul Islam , Stephanie Wehner

We evaluate the performance of two-way quantum repeater chains with sequential entanglement swapping. Within the analysis we consider memory decoherence, gate imperfections, and imperfect link-level entanglement generation. Our main results…

Quantum repeaters are enabling technologies for long-distance quantum communications. Despite the significant progress in the field, we still not only face implementation challenges but also need theoretical solutions that better meet all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Javier Rey-Domínguez , Mohsen Razavi