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We present a new Bayesian algorithm making use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling that allows us to simultaneously estimate the unknown continuum level of each quasar in an ensemble of high-resolution spectra, as well as their common…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-09 Anna-Christina Eilers , Joseph F. Hennawi , Khee-Gan Lee

The collection of ecological data in the field is essential to diagnose, monitor and manage ecosystems in a sustainable way. Since acquisition of this information through traditional methods are generally time-consuming, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ion Ciobotari , Adriana Príncipe , Maria Alexandra Oliveira , João Nuno Silva

Reliable large-scale data on the state of forests is crucial for monitoring ecosystem health, carbon stock, and the impact of climate change. Current knowledge of tree species distribution relies heavily on manual data collection in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Hongjin Lin , Matthew Nazari , Derek Zheng

Monitoring aboveground biomass (AGB) and its density (AGBD) at high resolution is essential for carbon accounting and ecosystem management. While NASA's spaceborne Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) LiDAR mission provides…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-14 Xiuyu Cao , Joseph O. Sexton , Panshi Wang , Dimitrios Gounaridis , Neil H. Carter , Kai Zhu

According to the Paris Climate Change Agreement, all nations are required to submit reports on their greenhouse gas emissions and absorption every two years by 2024. Consequently, forests play a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Nelson Mattié , Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa , Pablo Crespo-Peremarch , Juan-Ygnacio López-Hernández

We propose a robust method for estimating dynamic 3D curvilinear branching structure from monocular images. While 3D reconstruction from images has been widely studied, estimating thin structure has received less attention. This problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Kyle Simek , Ravishankar Palanivelu , Kobus Barnard

Continuum fitting uncertainties are a major source of error in estimates of the temperature-density relation (usually parametrized as a power-law, $T \propto \Delta^{\gamma - 1} $) of the inter-galactic medium (IGM) through the flux…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-28 Khee-Gan Lee

A Gaussian Process GP based ground segmentation method is proposed in this paper which is fully developed in a probabilistic framework. The proposed method tends to obtain a continuous realistic model of the ground. The LiDAR…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Pouria Mehrabi , Hamid D. Taghirad

Data collection for forestry, timber, and agriculture currently relies on manual techniques which are labor-intensive and time-consuming. We seek to demonstrate that robotics offers improvements over these techniques and accelerate…

Geolocation error in spaceborne sampling light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurements of forest structure can compromise forest attribute estimates and degrade integration with georeferenced field measurements or other remotely sensed…

We present a novel Bayesian method for the joint reconstruction of cosmological matter density fields, peculiar velocities and power-spectra in the quasi-nonlinear regime. We study its applicability to the Ly-alpha forest based on multiple…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Francisco-Shu Kitaura , Simona Gallerani , Andrea Ferrara

Many models for point process data are defined through a thinning procedure where locations of a base process (often Poisson) are either kept (observed) or discarded (thinned). In this paper, we go back to the fundamentals of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-12 Renaud Alie , David A. Stephens , Alexandra M. Schmidt

Survival random forest is a popular machine learning tool for modeling censored survival data. However, there is currently no statistically valid and computationally feasible approach for estimating its confidence band. This paper proposes…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-27 Sarah Elizabeth Formentini , Wei Liang , Ruoqing Zhu

Tree height estimation serves as an important proxy for biomass estimation in ecological and forestry applications. While traditional methods such as photogrammetry and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) offer accurate height measurements,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Grace Colverd , Jumpei Takami , Laura Schade , Karol Bot , Joseph A. Gallego-Mejia

We present a robust Bayesian method to analyze forestry data when samples are selected with probability proportional to length from a finite population of unknown size. Specifically, we use Bayesian predictive inference to estimate the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-02-13 Zhiqing Xu , Balgobin Nandram , Binod Manandhar

Accurate quantification of forest coverage and combustible biomass (fuel load) is critical for wildfire risk assessment and ecosystem management. However, traditional methods relying on airborne LiDAR or field surveys are cost-prohibitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Quanyun Wu , Kyle Gao , Wentao Sun , Zhengsen Xu , Hudson Sun , Linlin Xu , Yuhao Chen , David A. Clausi , Jonathan Li

The ICESat-2, launched in 2018, carries the ATLAS instrument, which is a photon-counting spaceborne lidar that provides strip samples over the terrain. While primarily designed for snow and ice monitoring, there has been a great interest in…

Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations can accurately predict the properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM), but only under the condition of retaining high spatial resolution necessary to resolve density fluctuations in the IGM. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-17 Daniele Sorini , José Oñorbe , Zarija Lukić , Joseph F. Hennawi

Tree-based priors for probability distributions are usually specified using a predetermined, data-independent collection of candidate recursive partitions of the sample space. To characterize an unknown target density in detail over the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Li Ma , Benedetta Bruni