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Building fair recommender systems is a challenging and crucial area of study due to its immense impact on society. We extended the definitions of two commonly accepted notions of fairness to recommender systems, namely equality of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-12 Preetam Nandy , Cyrus Diciccio , Divya Venugopalan , Heloise Logan , Kinjal Basu , Noureddine El Karoui

Assessing fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) typically involves AI experts who select protected features, fairness metrics, and set fairness thresholds to assess outcome fairness. However, little is known about how stakeholders,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Lin Luo , Yuri Nakao , Mathieu Chollet , Hiroya Inakoshi , Simone Stumpf

Numerous fairness metrics have been proposed and employed by artificial intelligence (AI) experts to quantitatively measure bias and define fairness in AI models. Recognizing the need to accommodate stakeholders' diverse fairness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Lin Luo , Yuri Nakao , Mathieu Chollet , Hiroya Inakoshi , Simone Stumpf

As information filtering services, recommender systems have extremely enriched our daily life by providing personalized suggestions and facilitating people in decision-making, which makes them vital and indispensable to human society in the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Di Jin , Luzhi Wang , He Zhang , Yizhen Zheng , Weiping Ding , Feng Xia , Shirui Pan

We address the critical issue of biased algorithms and unfair rankings, which have permeated various sectors, including search engines, recommendation systems, and workforce management. These biases can lead to discriminatory outcomes in a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chiara Criscuolo , Davide Martinenghi , Giuseppe Piccirillo

Recommender systems are effective tools for mitigating information overload and have seen extensive applications across various domains. However, the single focus on utility goals proves to be inadequate in addressing real-world concerns,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuying Zhao , Yu Wang , Yunchao Liu , Xueqi Cheng , Charu Aggarwal , Tyler Derr

This paper summarizes and evaluates various approaches, methods, and techniques for pursuing fairness in artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It examines the merits and shortcomings of these measures and proposes practical guidelines for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Arash Bateni , Matthew C. Chan , Ray Eitel-Porter

Ensuring fairness in AI systems is critical, especially in high-stakes domains such as lending, hiring, and healthcare. This urgency is reflected in emerging global regulations that mandate fairness assessments and independent bias audits.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Varsha Ramineni , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

What constitutes a fair decision? This question is not only difficult for humans but becomes more challenging when Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are used. In light of discriminatory algorithmic behaviors, the EU has recently passed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Kristof Meding

Decision-support systems are information systems that offer support to people's decisions in various applications such as judiciary, real-estate and banking sectors. Lately, these support systems have been found to be discriminatory in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Mukund Telukunta , Venkata Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla

The more AI-assisted decisions affect people's lives, the more important the fairness of such decisions becomes. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to research on fairness in machine learning. We explain the main fairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Janine Strotherm , Alissa Müller , Barbara Hammer , Benjamin Paaßen

As AI systems increasingly influence critical sectors like telecommunications, finance, healthcare, and public services, ensuring fairness in decision-making is essential to prevent biased or unjust outcomes that disproportionately affect…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Avinash Agarwal , Mayashankar Kumar , Manisha J. Nene

Artificial Intelligence (AI)'s pervasive presence and variety necessitate diversity and inclusivity (D&I) principles in its design for fairness, trust, and transparency. Yet, these considerations are often overlooked, leading to issues of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Rifat Ara Shams , Didar Zowghi , Muneera Bano

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

AI systems are increasingly used in high-stakes domains such as credit rating, where fairness concerns are critical. Existing fairness assessments are typically conducted by AI experts or regulators using predefined protected attributes and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lin Luo , Satwik Ghanta , Yuri Nakao , Mathieu Chollet , Simone Stumpf

Several recent works have highlighted how search and recommender systems exhibit bias along different dimensions. Counteracting this bias and bringing a certain amount of fairness in search is crucial to not only creating a more balanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Sahil Verma , Ruoyuan Gao , Chirag Shah

It is known that recommendations of AI-based systems can be incorrect or unfair. Hence, it is often proposed that a human be the final decision-maker. Prior work has argued that explanations are an essential pathway to help human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Jakob Schoeffer , Maria De-Arteaga , Niklas Kuehl

Thanks to the great progress of machine learning in the last years, several Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been increasingly moving from the controlled research laboratory settings to our everyday life. AI is clearly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Tatiana Tommasi , Silvia Bucci , Barbara Caputo , Pietro Asinari

Most Fairness in AI research focuses on exposing biases in AI systems. A broader lens on fairness reveals that AI can serve a greater aspiration: rooting out societal inequities from their source. Specifically, we focus on inequities in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Shiri Dori-Hacohen , Roberto Montenegro , Fabricio Murai , Scott A. Hale , Keen Sung , Michela Blain , Jennifer Edwards-Johnson

Libraries are increasingly relying on computational methods, including methods from Artificial Intelligence (AI). This increasing usage raises concerns about the risks of AI that are currently broadly discussed in scientific literature, the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Bettina Berendt , Özgür Karadeniz , Sercan Kıyak , Stefan Mertens , Leen d'Haenens