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Large language models demonstrate reasonable multilingual abilities, despite predominantly English-centric pretraining. However, the spontaneous multilingual alignment in these models is shown to be weak, leading to unsatisfactory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jiahuan Li , Shujian Huang , Aarron Ching , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

The next-token prediction (NTP) objective trains language models to predict a single token at each step, even though many continuations can express the same meaning. For example, in the sentence ``this sticker can be placed here'',…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Christine Zhang , Dan Jurafsky , Chen Shani

In a multilingual neural machine translation model that fully shares parameters across all languages, an artificial language token is usually used to guide translation into the desired target language. However, recent studies show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Renren Jin , Deyi Xiong

Recent research has shown that word embedding spaces learned from text corpora of different languages can be aligned without any parallel data supervision. Inspired by the success in unsupervised cross-lingual word embeddings, in this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Yu-An Chung , Wei-Hung Weng , Schrasing Tong , James Glass

Transformer-based methods have achieved remarkable success in various machine learning tasks. How to design efficient test-time adaptation methods for transformer models becomes an important research task. In this work, motivated by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yushun Tang , Shuoshuo Chen , Zhihe Lu , Xinchao Wang , Zhihai He

Tabular deep-learning methods require embedding numerical and categorical input features into high-dimensional spaces before processing them. Existing methods deal with this heterogeneous nature of tabular data by employing separate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Boshko Koloski , Andrei Margeloiu , Xiangjian Jiang , Blaž Škrlj , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Bilingual word embeddings, which representlexicons of different languages in a shared em-bedding space, are essential for supporting se-mantic and knowledge transfers in a variety ofcross-lingual NLP tasks. Existing approachesto training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Weijia Shi , Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Kai-Wei Chang

Current pre-trained cross-lingual sentence encoders approaches use sentence-level objectives only. This can lead to loss of information, especially for tokens, which then degrades the sentence representation. We propose MEXMA, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 João Maria Janeiro , Benjamin Piwowarski , Patrick Gallinari , Loïc Barrault

We introduce a novel suite of state-of-the-art bilingual text embedding models that are designed to support English and another target language. These models are capable of processing lengthy text inputs with up to 8192 tokens, making them…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Due to the limited availability of high quality datasets for training sentence embeddings in Turkish, we propose a training methodology and a regimen to develop a sentence embedding model. The central idea is simple but effective : is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Eren Unlu , Unver Ciftci

Cross-language pre-trained models such as multilingual BERT (mBERT) have achieved significant performance in various cross-lingual downstream NLP tasks. This paper proposes a multi-level contrastive learning (ML-CTL) framework to further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Beiduo Chen , Wu Guo , Bin Gu , Quan Liu , Yongchao Wang

While cross-lingual word embeddings have been studied extensively in recent years, the qualitative differences between the different algorithms remain vague. We observe that whether or not an algorithm uses a particular feature set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Omer Levy , Anders Søgaard , Yoav Goldberg

In this paper, we propose to align sentence representations from different languages into a unified embedding space, where semantic similarities (both cross-lingual and monolingual) can be computed with a simple dot product. Pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Liang Wang , Wei Zhao , Jingming Liu

Image-Text Matching is one major task in cross-modal information processing. The main challenge is to learn the unified visual and textual representations. Previous methods that perform well on this task primarily focus on not only the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Keyu Wen , Xiaodong Gu , Qingrong Cheng

As retrieval-augmented generation prevails in large language models, embedding models are becoming increasingly crucial. Despite the growing number of general embedding models, prior work often overlooks the critical role of training data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xinshuo Hu , Zifei Shan , Xinping Zhao , Zetian Sun , Zhenyu Liu , Dongfang Li , Shaolin Ye , Xinyuan Wei , Qian Chen , Baotian Hu , Haofen Wang , Jun Yu , Min Zhang

Multilingual pre-trained models exhibit zero-shot cross-lingual transfer, where a model fine-tuned on a source language achieves surprisingly good performance on a target language. While studies have attempted to understand transfer, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Henry Tang , Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Learning distributed sentence representations is one of the key challenges in natural language processing. Previous work demonstrated that a recurrent neural network (RNNs) based sentence encoder trained on a large collection of annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Xueying Bai , Zhechao Huang , Chao Jiang , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Relational Deep Learning (RDL) is an emerging paradigm that leverages Graph Neural Network principles to learn directly from relational databases by representing them as heterogeneous graphs. However, existing RDL models typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jakub Peleška , Gustav Šír

Pre-trained models, especially self-supervised learning (SSL) models, have demonstrated impressive results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) task. While most applications of SSL models focus on leveraging continuous representations as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Zehan Li , Yan Yang , Xueqing Li , Jian Kang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Jie Li
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