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Accurate methods of assessing the performance of quantum gates are extremely important. Quantum process tomography and randomized benchmarking are the current favored methods. Quantum process tomography gives detailed information, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Austin G. Fowler , D. Sank , J. Kelly , R. Barends , John M. Martinis

A quantum computer -- i.e., a computer capable of manipulating data in quantum superposition -- would find applications including factoring, quantum simulation and tests of basic quantum theory. Since quantum superpositions are fragile, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ben W. Reichardt

Quantum error correction is a crucial step beyond the current noisy-intermediate-scale quantum device towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, most of the error corrections ever demonstrated rely on post-selection of events or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Toshiaki Inada , Wonho Jang , Yutaro Iiyama , Koji Terashi , Ryu Sawada , Junichi Tanaka , Shoji Asai

Dissipative cat qubits are a promising physical platform for quantum computing, since their large noise bias can enable more hardware-efficient quantum error correction. In this work we theoretically study the long-term prospects of a…

Creation and manipulation of entanglement with low error is essential in quantum information systems. In practice, two-qubit entangling gates constitute a dominant error source, limiting circuit depths and performance in fault-tolerant…

The potential of quantum computing is fundamentally constrained by the inherent susceptibility of qubits to noise and crosstalk, particularly during multi-qubit gate operations. Existing strategies, such as hardware isolation and dynamical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Yiming Yu , Yexiong Zeng , Ye-Hong Chen , Franco Nori , Yan Xia

We propose an efficient protocol to fully reconstruct a set of high-fidelity quantum gates. Usually, the efficiency of reconstructing high-fidelity quantum gates is limited by the sampling noise. Our protocol is based on a perturbative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Ruyu Yang , Ying Li

Maintaining or even improving gate performance with growing numbers of parallel controlled qubits is a vital requirement for fault-tolerant quantum computing. For superconducting quantum processors, though isolated one- or two-qubit gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Peng Zhao , Kehuan Linghu , Zhiyuan Li , Peng Xu , Ruixia Wang , Guangming Xue , Yirong Jin , Haifeng Yu

Various noise models have been developed in quantum computing study to describe the propagation and effect of the noise which is caused by imperfect implementation of hardware. Identifying parameters such as gate and readout error rates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Muqing Zheng , Ang Li , Tamás Terlaky , Xiu Yang

Fault-tolerant architectures aim to reduce the noise of a quantum computation. Despite such architectures being well studied a detailed understanding of how noise is transformed in a fault-tolerant primitive such as magic state injection is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-25 Nicholas Fazio , Robin Harper , Stephen D. Bartlett

The realization of high fidelity quantum gates in a multi-qubit system, with a typical target set at 99.9%, is a critical requirement for the implementation of fault-tolerant quantum computation. To reach this level of fidelity, one needs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-27 Yukai Wu , Sheng-Tao Wang , L. -M. Duan

Entangling gates between neighboring physical qubits are essential for quantum error correction. Implementing them in an all-microwave manner simplifies signal routing and control apparatus of superconducting quantum processors. We propose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Shotaro Shirai , Shinichi Inoue , Shuhei Tamate , Rui Li , Yasunobu Nakamura , Atsushi Noguchi

Crosstalk and several sources of operational interference are invisible when qubit or a gate is calibrated or benchmarked in isolation. These are unlocked during the execution of full quantum circuit applying entangling gates to several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Muhammad Ahsan

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary quantum algorithms research. Practical implementations of these algorithms, despite offering certain levels of robustness against systematic errors, show a decline…

The use of analog classical systems for computation is generally thought to be a difficult proposition due to the susceptibility of these devices to noise and the lack of a clear framework for achieving fault-tolerance. We present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Corey Ostrove , Brian La Cour , Andrew Lanham , Granville Ott

Even in the absence of external influences the operability of a quantum computer (QC) is not guaranteed because of the effects of residual one- and two-body imperfections. Here we investigate how these internal flaws affect the performance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Murat Cetinbas , Joshua Wilkie

Fault-tolerant quantum computation is a technique that is necessary to build a scalable quantum computer from noisy physical building blocks. Key for the implementation of fault-tolerant computations is the ability to perform a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Markus Grassl , Martin Roetteler

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) exploits redundancy by encoding logical information into multiple physical qubits. In current implementations of QEC, sequences of non-perfect two-qubit entangling gates are used to codify the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-14 Andrea Rodriguez-Blanco , Farid Shahandeh , Alejandro Bermudez

A major obstacle towards realizing a practical quantum computer is the noise that arises due to system-environment interactions. While it is very well known that quantum error correction (QEC) provides a way to protect against errors that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-24 Akshaya Jayashankar