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Large language models (LLMs) have shown superior performance without task-specific fine-tuning. Despite the success, the knowledge stored in the parameters of LLMs could still be incomplete and difficult to update due to the computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yile Wang , Peng Li , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Although large-scale pre-trained language models (PTLMs) are shown to encode rich knowledge in their model parameters, the inherent knowledge in PTLMs can be opaque or static, making external knowledge necessary. However, the existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Xinran Zhao , Hongming Zhang , Xiaoman Pan , Wenlin Yao , Dong Yu , Jianshu Chen

Improving neural machine translation (NMT) systems with prompting has achieved significant progress in recent years. In this work, we focus on how to integrate multi-knowledge, multiple types of knowledge, into NMT models to enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ke Wang , Jun Xie , Yuqi Zhang , Yu Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used as backbones for recommender systems. However, their performance often lags behind conventional methods in standard tasks like retrieval. We attribute this to a mismatch between LLMs'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuwei Cao , Nikhil Mehta , Xinyang Yi , Raghunandan Keshavan , Lukasz Heldt , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi , Maheswaran Sathiamoorthy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as highly capable systems and are increasingly being integrated into various uses. However, the rapid pace of their deployment has outpaced a comprehensive understanding of their internal mechanisms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Gabriele Prato , Jerry Huang , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar

Knowledge-Enhanced Pre-trained Language Models (KEPLMs) are pre-trained models with relation triples injecting from knowledge graphs to improve language understanding abilities. To guarantee effective knowledge injection, previous studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Taolin Zhang , Chengyu Wang , Nan Hu , Minghui Qiu , Chengguang Tang , Xiaofeng He , Jun Huang

Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, the stored knowledge in these models may inevitably be incomplete, out-of-date, or incorrect. This motivates the need to utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Hangfeng He , Hongming Zhang , Dan Roth

Recent advancements in recommendation systems have shifted towards more comprehensive and personalized recommendations by utilizing large language models (LLM). However, effectively integrating LLM's commonsense knowledge and reasoning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Zhixuan Chu , Hongyan Hao , Xin Ouyang , Simeng Wang , Yan Wang , Yue Shen , Jinjie Gu , Qing Cui , Longfei Li , Siqiao Xue , James Y Zhang , Sheng Li

Language Models (LMs) acquire parametric knowledge from their training process, embedding it within their weights. The increasing scalability of LMs, however, poses significant challenges for understanding a model's inner workings and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Isabelle Augenstein

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive impact in the field of natural language processing, but they still struggle with several issues regarding, such as completeness, timeliness, faithfulness and adaptability. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xintao Wang , Qianwen Yang , Yongting Qiu , Jiaqing Liang , Qianyu He , Zhouhong Gu , Yanghua Xiao , Wei Wang

Recent work has investigated the interesting question using pre-trained language models (PLMs) as knowledge bases for answering open questions. However, existing work is limited in using small benchmarks with high test-train overlaps. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Cunxiang Wang , Pai Liu , Yue Zhang

Language models (LMs) increasingly drive real-world applications that require world knowledge. However, the internal processes through which models turn data into representations of knowledge and beliefs about the world, are poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Daniela Gottesman , Alon Gilae-Dotan , Ido Cohen , Yoav Gur-Arieh , Marius Mosbach , Ori Yoran , Mor Geva

Although large language models (LLMs) excel in knowledge recall and reasoning, their static nature leads to outdated information as the real world evolves or when adapting to domain-specific knowledge, highlighting the need for effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ruoxi Xu , Yunjie Ji , Boxi Cao , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Ben He , Yingfei Sun , Xiangang Li , Le Sun

Generative pre-trained language models (GPLMs) like ChatGPT encode in the model's parameters knowledge the models observe during the pre-training phase. This knowledge is then used at inference to address the task specified by the user in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Guido Zuccon , Bevan Koopman

Limited by the scale and diversity of time series data, the neural networks trained on time series data often overfit and show unsatisfacotry performances. In comparison, large language models (LLMs) recently exhibit impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Ruibing Jin , Qing Xu , Min Wu , Yuecong Xu , Dan Li , Xiaoli Li , Zhenghua Chen

Knowledge-enhanced language representation learning has shown promising results across various knowledge-intensive NLP tasks. However, prior methods are limited in efficient utilization of multilingual knowledge graph (KG) data for language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Linlin Liu , Xin Li , Ruidan He , Lidong Bing , Shafiq Joty , Luo Si

Humankind's understanding of the world is fundamentally linked to our perception and cognition, with \emph{human languages} serving as one of the major carriers of \emph{world knowledge}. In this vein, \emph{Large Language Models} (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Huajun Chen

Pretrained language models (PLMs) have produced substantial improvements in discourse-aware neural machine translation (NMT), for example, improved coherence in spoken language translation. However, the underlying reasons for their strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Zhihong Huang , Longyue Wang , Siyou Liu , Derek F. Wong

Causal language models acquire vast amount of knowledge from general text corpus during pretraining, but the efficiency of knowledge learning is known to be unsatisfactory, especially when learning from knowledge-dense and small-sized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Jian Gao , Xiao Zhang , Ji Wu , Miao Li

Pretrained language models (PLMs) are today the primary model for natural language processing. Despite their impressive downstream performance, it can be difficult to apply PLMs to new languages, a barrier to making their capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Yihong Chen , Kelly Marchisio , Roberta Raileanu , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel , Mikel Artetxe
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