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Sparse Transformer has recently attracted a lot of attention since the ability for reducing the quadratic dependency on the sequence length. We argue that two factors, information bottleneck sensitivity and inconsistency between different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Yang Liu , Jiaxiang Liu , Li Chen , Yuxiang Lu , Shikun Feng , Zhida Feng , Yu Sun , Hao Tian , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Gating mechanisms have been widely utilized, from early models like LSTMs and Highway Networks to recent state space models, linear attention, and also softmax attention. Yet, existing literature rarely examines the specific effects of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zihan Qiu , Zekun Wang , Bo Zheng , Zeyu Huang , Kaiyue Wen , Songlin Yang , Rui Men , Le Yu , Fei Huang , Suozhi Huang , Dayiheng Liu , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin

Long-context modeling is crucial for next-generation language models, yet the high computational cost of standard attention mechanisms poses significant computational challenges. Sparse attention offers a promising direction for improving…

Transformer-based pre-training techniques of text and layout have proven effective in a number of document understanding tasks. Despite this success, multimodal pre-training models suffer from very high computational and memory costs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Laura Nguyen , Thomas Scialom , Jacopo Staiano , Benjamin Piwowarski

Recently Transformers have provided state-of-the-art performance in sparse matching, crucial to realize high-performance 3D vision applications. Yet, these Transformers lack efficiency due to the quadratic computational complexity of their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Suwichaya Suwanwimolkul , Satoshi Komorita

Linear-attention models that compress the entire input sequence into a fixed-size recurrent state offer an efficient alternative to Transformers, but their finite memory induces forgetfulness that harms retrieval-intensive tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mutian He , Philip N. Garner

As the core building block of vision transformers, attention is a powerful tool to capture long-range dependency. However, such power comes at a cost: it incurs a huge computation burden and heavy memory footprint as pairwise token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Lei Zhu , Xinjiang Wang , Zhanghan Ke , Wayne Zhang , Rynson Lau

Recently, Vision Transformer and its variants have shown great promise on various computer vision tasks. The ability of capturing short- and long-range visual dependencies through self-attention is arguably the main source for the success.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Jianwei Yang , Chunyuan Li , Pengchuan Zhang , Xiyang Dai , Bin Xiao , Lu Yuan , Jianfeng Gao

Transformers have achieved remarkable performance in multivariate time series(MTS) forecasting due to their capability to capture long-term dependencies. However, the canonical attention mechanism has two key limitations: (1) its quadratic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yifan Zhang , Rui Wu , Sergiu M. Dascalu , Frederick C. Harris

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

Transformer networks have lead to important progress in language modeling and machine translation. These models include two consecutive modules, a feed-forward layer and a self-attention layer. The latter allows the network to capture long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Edouard Grave , Guillaume Lample , Herve Jegou , Armand Joulin

Transformers have achieved promising results on a variety of tasks. However, the quadratic complexity in self-attention computation has limited the applications, especially in low-resource settings and mobile or edge devices. Existing works…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Wentao Zhu

Transformers are powerful sequence models, but require time and memory that grows quadratically with the sequence length. In this paper we introduce sparse factorizations of the attention matrix which reduce this to $O(n \sqrt{n})$. We also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Rewon Child , Scott Gray , Alec Radford , Ilya Sutskever

For personalized speech generation, a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model must be successfully implemented with limited data from a target speaker. To this end, the baseline TTS model needs to be amply generalized to out-of-domain data (i.e.,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hyungchan Yoon , Changhwan Kim , Eunwoo Song , Hyun-Wook Yoon , Hong-Goo Kang

Diffusion models have recently achieved impressive results in reconstructing images from noisy inputs, and similar ideas have been applied to speech enhancement by treating time-frequency representations as images. With the ubiquity of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Renana Opochinsky , Sharon Gannot

The self-attention mechanism, a cornerstone of Transformer-based state-of-the-art deep learning architectures, is largely heuristic-driven and fundamentally challenging to interpret. Establishing a robust theoretical foundation to explain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Maksim Tkachenko , Tan M. Nguyen

Self-attention mechanism has been a key factor in the recent progress of Vision Transformer (ViT), which enables adaptive feature extraction from global contexts. However, existing self-attention methods either adopt sparse global attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Xuran Pan , Tianzhu Ye , Zhuofan Xia , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Transformer-based speech recognition models have achieved great success due to the self-attention (SA) mechanism that utilizes every frame in the feature extraction process. Especially, SA heads in lower layers capture various phonetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Kyuhong Shim , Wonyong Sung

The transformer architecture has driven breakthroughs in recent years on tasks which require modeling pairwise relationships between sequential elements, as is the case in natural language understanding. However, long seqeuences pose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Heejun Lee , Jina Kim , Jeffrey Willette , Sung Ju Hwang

We propose a novel framework, Continuous_Time Attention, which infuses partial differential equations (PDEs) into the Transformer's attention mechanism to address the challenges of extremely long input sequences. Instead of relying solely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yukun Zhang , Xueqing Zhou