Related papers: Transport of particles through RO membrane in stea…
Despite the success of reverse osmosis (RO) for water purification, the molecular-level physico-chemical processes of contaminant rejection are not well understood. Here we carry out NEMD simulations on a model polyamide RO membrane to…
To overcome the traditional paradigm of filtration, where separation is essentially performed upon steric sieving principles, we explore the concept of dynamic osmosis through active membranes. A partially permeable membrane presents a…
Polyamide membranes, such as nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, are widely used for water desalination and purification. However, the mechanisms of solute transport and solute rejection due to charge interactions remain…
The reverse osmosis membrane module is an integral element of a desalination system as it determines the overall performance of the desalination plant. The fraction of clean water that can be recovered via this process is often limited by…
In reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes, the polymer structure and interactions with solvent and solutes dictate the permeability and selectivity. However, these interactions have not been fully characterized within…
Reverse Osmosis Membrane (ROM) filtration systems are widely applied in wastewater recovery, seawater desalination, landfill water treatment, etc. During filtration, the system performance is dramatically affected by membrane fouling which…
Reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) are the two most important membrane technologies for water desalination and treatment. Their modes of operation and transport mechanisms are very different, but on a closer look also have many…
Despite much current interest in active matter, little is known about osmosis in active systems. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how active solutes perturb osmotic steady states. We find that solute activity increases…
Polymer membranes are typically assumed to be inert and nonresponsive to the flux and density of the permeating particles in transport processes. Here, we study theoretically the consequences of membrane responsiveness and feedback on the…
The Angstrom-scale transport characteristics of water and six different solutes, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, urea, Na+, and Cl-, were studied for a polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, FT-30, using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics…
We study the effects of solute interactions on osmotic transport through pores. By extending single-file, single-species kinetic models to include entrance of solute into membrane pores, we model the statistical mechanics of competitive…
The shift in water security demands improvements in alternative solutions such as saltwater desalination. One of the most efficient technologies in this scope is the reverse osmosis systems, a technology based on a membrane separation…
One of the most promising applications in nanoscience is the design of new materials to improve water permeability and selectivity of nanoporous membranes. Understanding the molecular architecture behind these fascinating structures and how…
We present theory for ion and water transport through reverse osmosis membranes based on a Maxwell-Stefan framework combined with hydrodynamic theory for the reduced motion of particles in thin pores. We include all driving forces and…
Fouling is a major obstacle and challenge in membrane-based separation processes. Caused by the sophisticated interactions between foulant and membrane surface, fouling strongly depends on membrane surface chemistry and morphology. Current…
Osmotic energy (or salinity-gradient energy) is the energy released when water with different salinities is mixed, such as rivers and oceans. By employing a semipermeable membrane to control the mixing process, the osmotic pressure gradient…
Oily wastewater is an extensive source of pollution to soil and water, and its harmless treatment is of great importance for the protection of our aquatic ecosystems. Membrane filtration is highly desirable for removing oil from oily water…
Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are membrane-based methods that remove solutes from solvent, for instance they remove salts from water (desalination). In these methods, an applied pressure is the driving force for solvent to pass the…
We study the diffusion of a linear polymer in the presence of permeable membranes without excluded volume interactions, using scaling theory and Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the average time it takes for a chain with polymerization…
A filtration procedure was developed to measure the reversibility of fouling during cross-flow filtration based on the square wave of applied pressure. The principle of this method, the apparatus required, and the associated mathematical…