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Recently multi-lingual pre-trained language models (PLM) such as mBERT and XLM-R have achieved impressive strides in cross-lingual dense retrieval. Despite its successes, they are general-purpose PLM while the multilingual PLM tailored for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Shunyu Zhang , Yaobo Liang , Ming Gong , Daxin Jiang , Nan Duan

Masked language modeling (MLM) pre-training methods such as BERT corrupt the input by replacing some tokens with [MASK] and then train a model to reconstruct the original tokens. While they produce good results when transferred to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Kevin Clark , Minh-Thang Luong , Quoc V. Le , Christopher D. Manning

While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems degrade significantly in noisy environments, audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) systems aim to complement the audio stream with noise-invariant visual cues and improve the system's…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-09 He Wang , Pengcheng Guo , Pan Zhou , Lei Xie

In recent years, the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems has made considerable progress. Unfortunately, for people with speech impairments, such as people treated for oral cancer (OC), ASR performance is still lagging…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Hidde Folkertsma , Thomas Tienkamp , Sebastiaan de Visscher , Max Witjes , Rob van Son , Jiapan Guo , Bence Mark Halpern

Speech classification tasks often require powerful language understanding models to grasp useful features, which becomes problematic when limited training data is available. To attain superior classification performance, we propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Nicolae-Catalin Ristea , Andrei Anghel , Radu Tudor Ionescu

In this work, we introduce a simple yet efficient post-processing model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Our model has Transformer-based encoder-decoder architecture which "translates" ASR model output into grammatically and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Oleksii Hrinchuk , Mariya Popova , Boris Ginsburg

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for training generalisable models on large-scale data in the fields of vision, text, and speech. Although SSL has been proven effective in speech and audio, its…

A joint speech and text optimization method is proposed for hybrid transducer and attention-based encoder decoder (TAED) modeling to leverage large amounts of text corpus and enhance ASR accuracy. The joint TAED (J-TAED) is trained with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yun Tang , Eesung Kim , Vijendra Raj Apsingekar

Multilingual end-to-end (E2E) models have shown great promise in expansion of automatic speech recognition (ASR) coverage of the world's languages. They have shown improvement over monolingual systems, and have simplified training and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-13 Anjuli Kannan , Arindrima Datta , Tara N. Sainath , Eugene Weinstein , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Yonghui Wu , Ankur Bapna , Zhifeng Chen , Seungji Lee

Conventional spoken language translation (SLT) systems are pipeline based systems, where we have an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to convert the modality of source from speech to text and a Machine Translation (MT) systems to…

We present a decoder-only Conformer for automatic speech recognition (ASR) that processes speech and text in a single stack without external speech encoders or pretrained large language models (LLM). The model uses a modality-aware sparse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Jaeyoung Lee , Masato Mimura

The efficacy of external language model (LM) integration with existing end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can be improved significantly using the internal language model estimation (ILME) method. In this method, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-26 Zhong Meng , Naoyuki Kanda , Yashesh Gaur , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Eric Sun , Liang Lu , Xie Chen , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

Multimodal speech recognition aims to improve the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems by leveraging additional visual information that is usually associated to the audio input. While previous approaches make crucial…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Dan Oneata , Horia Cucu

In the era of large models, the autoregressive nature of decoding often results in latency serving as a significant bottleneck. We propose a non-autoregressive LM-fused ASR system that effectively leverages the parallelization capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 W. Ronny Huang , Cyril Allauzen , Tongzhou Chen , Kilol Gupta , Ke Hu , James Qin , Yu Zhang , Yongqiang Wang , Shuo-Yiin Chang , Tara N. Sainath

We develop a large language model (LLM) based automatic speech recognition (ASR) system that can be contextualized by providing keywords as prior information in text prompts. We adopt decoder-only architecture and use our in-house LLM,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-14 Kento Nozawa , Takashi Masuko , Toru Taniguchi

We present a novel approach to end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) that utilizes pre-trained masked language models (LMs) to facilitate the extraction of linguistic information. The proposed models, BERT-CTC and BECTRA, are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Yosuke Higuchi , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi , Shinji Watanabe

End-to-end ASR models trained on large amount of data tend to be implicitly biased towards language semantics of the training data. Internal language model estimation (ILME) has been proposed to mitigate this bias for autoregressive models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-09 Nilaksh Das , Monica Sunkara , Sravan Bodapati , Jinglun Cai , Devang Kulshreshtha , Jeff Farris , Katrin Kirchhoff

In this study, we delve into the efficacy of transformers within pre-trained language models (PLMs) when repurposed as encoders for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Our underlying hypothesis posits that, despite being initially trained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Keyu An , Shiliang Zhang , Zhijie Yan

Attention-based encoder-decoder model has achieved impressive results for both automatic speech recognition (ASR) and text-to-speech (TTS) tasks. This approach takes advantage of the memorization capacity of neural networks to learn the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Chengyi Wang , Yu Wu , Yujiao Du , Jinyu Li , Shujie Liu , Liang Lu , Shuo Ren , Guoli Ye , Sheng Zhao , Ming Zhou

Training multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is challenging because acoustic and lexical information is typically language specific. Training multilingual system for Indic languages is even more tougher due to lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Harveen Singh Chadha , Priyanshi Shah , Ankur Dhuriya , Neeraj Chhimwal , Anirudh Gupta , Vivek Raghavan