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The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations are one of the most effective model for describing electrostatic interactions and diffusion processes in ion solution systems, and have been widely used in the numerical simulations of biological…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Yang Liu , Shi Shu , Ying Yang

We study with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations the stability of fast magnetosonic shocks. They expand across a collisionless plasma and an orthogonal magnetic field that is aligned with one of the directions resolved by the 2D…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-07-17 M E Dieckmann , C Huete , F Cobos , A Bret , D Folini , B Eliasson , R Walder

Particle methods are a ubiquitous tool for solving the Vlasov-Poisson equation in comoving coordinates, which is used to model the gravitational evolution of dark matter in an expanding universe. However, these methods are known to produce…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-12 Andrew Myers , Phillip Colella , Brian Van Straalen

Accurate modelling of electrostatic interactions and charge transfer is fundamental to computational chemistry, yet most machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) rely on local atomic descriptors that cannot capture long-range…

We describe an implementation of a particle physics module available for the PLUTO code, appropriate for the dynamical evolution of a plasma consisting of a thermal fluid and a non-thermal component represented by relativistic charged…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-23 A. Mignone , G. Bodo , B. Vaidya , G. Mattia

Particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulations are a productive and valued tool for the study of nonlinear plasma phenomena, yet there are basic questions about the simulation methods themselves that remain unanswered. Here we study one such…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-06-22 J. U. Brackbill

Modern ultra-intense laser facilities can generate electromagnetic fields strong enough to accelerate particles to near-light speeds over micron-scale distances and also approach the QED critical field, resulting in highly nonlinear and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Q. Qian , D. Seipt , M. Vranic , T. Grismayer , C. P. Ridgers , A. G. R. Thomas

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods are widely used computational tools for fluid and kinetic plasma modeling. While both the fluid and kinetic PIC approaches have been successfully used to target either kinetic or fluid simulations, little was…

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method is widely used to model the self-consistent interaction between discrete particles and electromagnetic fields. It has been successfully applied to problems across plasma physics including plasma based…

Validity of fluid models breaks down for non-thermal or weakly collisional plasmas which often occur e.g. in the solar wind. In these regimes one has to resort to modelling through the first-principle Vlasov-Maxwell system, but its…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Rostislav-Paul Wilhelm , Fabio Bacchini

In many problems involving particle accelerators and relativistic plasmas, the accurate modeling of relativistic particle motion is essential for accurate physical predictions. Here, we extend a charge-conserving finite element time-domain…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 D. Y. Na , H. Moon , Y. A. Omelchenko , F. L. Teixeira

We present a novel numerical scheme for simulating the motion of relativistic charged particles in magnetospheres of compact objects, typically filled with highly magnetized collisionless plasmas. The new algorithm is based on a dynamic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-04 Fabio Bacchini , Bart Ripperda , Alexander A. Philippov , Kyle Parfrey

Particle-in-cell methods couple mesh-based methods for the solution of continuum mechanics problems, with the ability to advect and evolve particles. They have a long history and many applications in scientific computing. However, they have…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-12 R. Gassmoeller , E. Heien , E. G. Puckett , W. Bangerth

In this paper, we present an efficient Particle-In-Cell algorithm for the simulation of the three dimensional Vlasov-Poisson system in the presence of a strong external magnetic field. When the intensity of the magnetic field is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-29 Francis Filbet , Chang Yang

We present a new implicit asymptotic preserving time integration scheme for charged-particle orbit computation in arbitrary electromagnetic fields. The scheme is built on the Crank-Nicolson integrator and continues to recover full-orbit…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Lee F. Ricketson , Luis Chacón

We developed an implicit Particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo model in two-dimensional and axisymmetric geometry for the simulations of the radio-frequency discharges, by introducing several numerical schemes which include variable weights,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2011-04-19 Hong-yu Wang , Wei Jiang , You-nian Wang

In a previous paper, we developed a new particle-in-cell method for the Vlasov-Maxwell system in which the electromagnetic fields and the equations of motion for the particles were cast in terms of scalar and vector potentials through a…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Andrew J. Christlieb , William A. Sands , Stephen White

Next-generation high-power lasers that can be focused to intensities exceeding 10^23 W/cm^2 are enabling new physics and applications. The physics of how these lasers interact with matter is highly nonlinear, relativistic, and can involve…

We present the formulation, algorithm and numerical tests of the magnetohydrodynamic-particle-in-cell (MHD-PIC) method with particles treated under the guiding center approximation, which we term the MHD-gPIC method, and it is implemented…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-20 Zitao Hu , Xue-Ning Bai , Xiaochen Sun

A lot of plasma physics problems are not amenable to exact solutions due to many reasons. It is worth mentioning among them, for example, nonlinearity of the motion equations, variable coefficients or non lineal conditions on known or…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-12-11 Alex Estupiñán , E. A. Orozco , V. D. Dugar-Zhabon , M. T. Murillo Acevedo