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The information bottleneck problem (IB) of jointly stationary Gaussian sources is considered. A water-filling solution for the IB rate is given in terms of its SNR spectrum and whose rate is attained via frequency domain test-channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Michael Dikshtein , Nir Weinberger , Shlomo Shamai

The information bottleneck (IB) method is a technique designed to extract meaningful information related to one random variable from another random variable, and has found extensive applications in machine learning problems. In this paper,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Lingyi Chen , Shitong Wu , Sicheng Xu , Huihui Wu , Wenyi Zhang

We show that if the conditional distribution p(C | T) factors through a sufficient statistic {\phi}(T), then the Information Bottleneck (IB) problem for (T, C) is exactly equivalent to the IB problem for ({\phi}(T), C). The reduction is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Joss Armstrong

Inference capabilities of machine learning (ML) systems skyrocketed in recent years, now playing a pivotal role in various aspect of society. The goal in statistical learning is to use data to obtain simple algorithms for predicting a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Ziv Goldfeld , Yury Polyanskiy

The Information bottleneck (IB) method enables optimizing over the trade-off between compression of data and prediction accuracy of learned representations, and has successfully and robustly been applied to both supervised and unsupervised…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Teng-Hui Huang , Aly El Gamal

The muti-layer information bottleneck (IB) problem, where information is propagated (or successively refined) from layer to layer, is considered. Based on information forwarded by the preceding layer, each stage of the network is required…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-15 Qianqian Yang , Pablo Piantanida , Deniz Gündüz

Combining the Information Bottleneck model with deep learning by replacing mutual information terms with deep neural nets has proved successful in areas ranging from generative modelling to interpreting deep neural networks. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Aleksander Wieczorek , Volker Roth

We introduce a bottleneck method for learning data representations based on information deficiency, rather than the more traditional information sufficiency. A variational upper bound allows us to implement this method efficiently. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Pradeep Kr. Banerjee , Guido Montúfar

Maintaining efficient semantic representations of the environment is a major challenge both for humans and for machines. While human languages represent useful solutions to this problem, it is not yet clear what computational principle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Noga Zaslavsky , Charles Kemp , Terry Regier , Naftali Tishby

In recent several years, the information bottleneck (IB) principle provides an information-theoretic framework for deep multi-view clustering (MVC) by compressing multi-view observations while preserving the relevant information of multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xiaoqiang Yan , Zhixiang Jin , Fengshou Han , Yangdong Ye

The Information Bottleneck (IB) is a method of lossy compression of relevant information. Its rate-distortion (RD) curve describes the fundamental tradeoff between input compression and the preservation of relevant information embedded in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Shlomi Agmon

The Information Bottleneck (IB) framework is a general characterization of optimal representations obtained using a principled approach for balancing accuracy and complexity. Here we present a new framework, the Dual Information Bottleneck…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Zoe Piran , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Naftali Tishby

Information Bottleneck (IB) is a technique to extract information about one target random variable through another relevant random variable. This technique has garnered significant interest due to its broad applications in information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Lingyi Chen , Shitong Wu , Jiachuan Ye , Huihui Wu , Wenyi Zhang , Hao Wu

The fruits of science are relationships made comprehensible, often by way of approximation. While deep learning is an extremely powerful way to find relationships in data, its use in science has been hindered by the difficulty of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Kieran A. Murphy , Dani S. Bassett

Information bottleneck (IB) principle [1] has become an important element in information-theoretic analysis of deep models. Many state-of-the-art generative models of both Variational Autoencoder (VAE) [2; 3] and Generative Adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Slava Voloshynovskiy , Mouad Kondah , Shideh Rezaeifar , Olga Taran , Taras Holotyak , Danilo Jimenez Rezende

Decisions of complex language understanding models can be rationalized by limiting their inputs to a relevant subsequence of the original text. A rationale should be as concise as possible without significantly degrading task performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Bhargavi Paranjape , Mandar Joshi , John Thickstun , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Luke Zettlemoyer

Extracting relevant information from data is crucial for all forms of learning. The information bottleneck (IB) method formalizes this, offering a mathematically precise and conceptually appealing framework for understanding learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn , David J. Schwab

The Information Bottleneck (IB) principle has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the generalization, robustness, and interpretability of deep neural networks, demonstrating efficacy across image segmentation, document clustering,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Hanzhe Yang , Youlong Wu , Dingzhu Wen , Yong Zhou , Yuanming Shi

The information bottleneck (IB) method offers an attractive framework for understanding representation learning, however its applications are often limited by its computational intractability. Analytical characterization of the IB method is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn , David J. Schwab

Normalization is fundamental to deep learning, but existing approaches such as BatchNorm, LayerNorm, and RMSNorm are variance-centric by enforcing zero mean and unit variance, stabilizing training without controlling how representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xiandong Zou , Jia Li , Xiaotong Yuan , Pan Zhou