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Related papers: A Deep Dive into NFT Rug Pulls

200 papers

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have emerged as a way to collect digital art as well as an investment vehicle. Despite having been popularized only recently, NFT markets have witnessed several high-profile (and high-value) asset sales and a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dipanjan Das , Priyanka Bose , Nicola Ruaro , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna

We explored the ubiquitous phenomenon of serial scammers, each of whom deployed dozens to thousands of addresses to conduct a series of similar Rug Pulls on popular decentralized exchanges. We first constructed two datasets of around…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Phuong Duy Huynh , Son Hoang Dau , Nicholas Huppert , Joshua Cervenjak , Hoonie Sun , Hong Yen Tran , Xiaodong Li , Emanuele Viterbo

Recently, the birth of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) has attracted great attention. NFTs are capable of representing users' ownership on the blockchain and have experienced tremendous market sales due to their popularity. Unfortunately, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Shuo Yang , Jiachi Chen , Zibin Zheng

Existing studies on crypto wash trading often use indirect statistical methods or leaked private data, both with inherent limitations. This paper leverages public on-chain NFT data for a more direct and granular estimation. Analyzing three…

General Economics · Economics 2025-03-04 Brett Hemenway Falk , Gerry Tsoukalas , Niuniu Zhang

The non-fungible tokens (NFTs) market has evolved over the past decade, with NFTs serving as unique digital identifiers on a blockchain that certify ownership and authenticity. However, their high value also attracts attackers who exploit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Lei Xiao , Shuo Yang , Wen Chen , Zibin Zheng

The Non-Fungible-Token (NFT) market has experienced explosive growth in recent years. According to DappRadar, the total transaction volume on OpenSea, the largest NFT marketplace, reached 34.7 billion dollars in February 2023. However, the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-08-04 Mingxiao Song , Yunsong Liu , Agam Shah , Sudheer Chava

Pull requests are a key part of the collaborative software development and code review process today. However, pull requests can also slow down the software development process when the reviewer(s) or the author do not actively engage with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Chandra Maddila , Sai Surya Upadrasta , Chetan Bansal , Nachiappan Nagappan , Georgios Gousios , Arie van Deursen

In this work, we perform a longitudinal analysis of the BNB Smart Chain and Ethereum blockchain from their inception to March 2022. We study the ecosystem of the tokens and liquidity pools, highlighting analogies and differences between the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Federico Cernera , Massimo La Morgia , Alessandro Mei , Francesco Sassi

Financial fraud is the cause of multi-billion dollar losses annually. Traditionally, fraud detection systems rely on rules due to their transparency and interpretability, key features in domains where decisions need to be explained.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 João Lucas Martins , João Bravo , Ana Sofia Gomes , Carlos Soares , Pedro Bizarro

Non Fungible Token (NFT) Industry has been witnessing multi-million dollar trade in recent times. With rapid innovation of the NFT market environment by technology, innovation, and decentralization, it is becoming hard to distinguish…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-01-19 Mayukh Mukhopadhyay , Kaushik Ghosh

By investigating nonfungible tokens (NFTs), we provide the first systematic study of retail investor behavior through asset bubbles. Given that NFTs are recorded in public blockchains, we are able to track investor behavior over time,…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-13 Andrea Barbon , Angelo Ranaldo

The high-frequency issuance and short-cycle speculation of meme tokens in decentralized finance (DeFi) have significantly amplified rug-pull risk. Existing approaches still struggle to provide stable early warning under scarce anomalies,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dingding Cao , Bianbian Jiao , Jingzong Yang , Yujing Zhong , Wei Yang

Non Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are digital assets that represent objects like art, collectible, and in-game items. They are traded online, often with cryptocurrency, and are generally encoded within smart contracts on a blockchain. Public…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-11-02 Matthieu Nadini , Laura Alessandretti , Flavio Di Giacinto , Mauro Martino , Luca Maria Aiello , Andrea Baronchelli

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) drive the prosperity of the Web3 ecosystem. By November 2023, the total market value of NFT projects reached approximately 16 billion USD. Accompanying the success of NFTs are various security issues, i.e.,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Kai Ma , Jintao Huang , Ningyu He , Zhuo Wang , Haoyu Wang

As emerging digital assets, NFTs are susceptible to anomalous trading behaviors due to the lack of stringent regulatory mechanisms, potentially causing economic losses. In this paper, we conduct the first systematic analysis of four…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yuanzheng Niu , Xiaoqi Li , Hongli Peng , Wenkai Li

We argue that the technical foundations of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) remain inadequately understood. Prior research has focused on market dynamics, user behavior, and isolated security incidents, yet systematic analysis of the standards…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Minfeng Qi , Qin Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Ruiqiang Li , Victor Zhou , Shiping Chen

This paper examines the effects of inherent risks in the emerging technology of non-fungible tokens and proposes an actionable set of solutions for stakeholders in this ecosystem and observers. Web3 and NFTs are a fast-growing 300 billion…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yash Gupta , Jayanth Kumar , Andrew Reifers

Financial fraud refers to the act of obtaining financial benefits through dishonest means. Such behavior not only disrupts the order of the financial market but also harms economic and social development and breeds other illegal and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yuxin Dong , Jianhua Yao , Jiajing Wang , Yingbin Liang , Shuhan Liao , Minheng Xiao

As the indispensable trading platforms of the ecosystem, hundreds of cryptocurrency exchanges are emerging to facilitate the trading of digital assets. While, it also attracts the attentions of attackers. A number of scam attacks were…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Pengcheng Xia , Bowen Zhang , Ru Ji , Bingyu Gao , Lei Wu , Xiapu Luo , Haoyu Wang , Guoai Xu

The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market is mushrooming in recent years. The concept of NFT originally comes from a token standard of Ethereum, aiming to distinguish each token with distinguishable signs. This type of token can be bound with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Qin Wang , Rujia Li , Qi Wang , Shiping Chen