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The rapid adoption of AI in Earth system science promises unprecedented speed and fidelity in the generation of climate information. However, this technological prowess rests on a fragile and unequal foundation: the current trajectory of AI…

The Fermi paradox is the discrepancy between the strong likelihood of alien intelligent life emerging (under a wide variety of assumptions) and the absence of any visible evidence for such emergence. We use this intriguing unlikeness to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-06 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Susanna M. Weber , Jorge F. Soriano

The elusive quest for intelligence in artificial intelligence prompts us to consider that instituting human-level intelligence in systems may be (still) in the realm of utopia. In about a quarter century, we have witnessed the winter of AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Shoumen Palit Austin Datta

Embodied intelligence posits that cognitive capabilities fundamentally emerge from - and are shaped by - an agent's real-time sensorimotor interactions with its environment. Such adaptive behavior inherently requires continuous inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bin Liu

How long a technological civilization remains active, and what determines whether it collapses or persists, is a central question for both projecting humanity's future and assessing the prevalence of detectable intelligence in the galaxy.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-16 Celia Blanco , Jacob Haqq-Misra , George Profitiliotis

For over 50 years, astronomers have searched the skies for evidence of electromagnetic signals from extraterrestrial civilizations that have reached or surpassed our level of technological development. Although often overlooked or given as…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-12-05 Marko Horvat , Anamari Nakić , Ivana Otočan

Earth observation (EO) is a prime instrument for monitoring land and ocean processes, studying the dynamics at work, and taking the pulse of our planet. This article gives a bird's eye view of the essential scientific tools and approaches…

Earth system analysis is the study of the joint dynamics of biogeophysical, social and technological processes on our planet. To advance our understanding of possible future development pathways and identify management options for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-04-24 Jonathan F. Donges , Wolfgang Lucht , Finn Müller-Hansen , Will Steffen

The scientific and technological revolution of the Internet of Things has begun in the area of oceanography. Historically, humans have observed the ocean from an external viewpoint in order to study it. In recent years, however, changes…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Huimin Lu , Dong Wang , Yujie Li , Jianru Li , Xin Li , Hyoungseop Kim , Seiichi Serikawa , Iztok Humar

The probability that life spontaneously emerges in a suitable environment (abiogenesis) is one of the major unknowns in astrobiology. Assessing its value is impeded by the lack of an accepted theory for the origin of life, and is further…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-10 Amedeo Balbi , Manasvi Lingam

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) has historically focused on detecting electromagnetic technosignatures, implicitly assuming that alien civilisations are biological and technologically analogous to ourselves. This paper…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 Michael Garrett

Spatial distribution of the human population is distinctly heterogeneous, e.g. showing significant difference in the population density between urban and rural areas. In the historical perspective, i.e. on the timescale of centuries, the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-08-30 Anna Zincenko , Sergei Petrovskii , Vitaly Volpert

The ability of a planet to maintain surface water, key to life as we know it, depends on solar and planetary energy. As a star ages, it delivers more energy to a planet. As a planet ages it produces less internal heat, which leads to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-29 Johnny Seales , Adrian Lenardic

Tides raised on a planet by its host star's gravity can reduce a planet's orbital semi-major axis and eccentricity. This effect is only relevant for planets orbiting very close to their host stars. The habitable zones of low-mass stars are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rory Barnes , Sean N. Raymond , Brian Jackson , Richard Greenberg

Thanks to the Cassini-Huygens mission, Titan, the pale orange dot of Pioneer and Voyager encounters has been revealed to be a dynamic, hydrologically-shaped, organic-rich ocean world offering unparalleled opportunities to explore prebiotic…

Stellar insolation has been used as the main constraint on a planet's habitability. However, as more Earth-like planets are discovered around low-mass stars (LMSs), a re-examination of the role of tides on the habitability of exoplanets has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 René Heller , Jérémy Leconte , Rory Barnes

What is the prospect of developing artificial general intelligence (AGI)? I investigate this question by systematically comparing living and algorithmic systems, with a special focus on the notion of "agency." There are three fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-03 Johannes Jaeger

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) has thus far failed to provide a convincing detection of intelligent life. In the wake of this null signal, many "contact pessimistic" hypotheses have been formulated, the most famous of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-19 Duncan H. Forgan , Ken Rice

Binaries could provide the best niches for life in the galaxy. Though counterintuitive, this assertion follows directly from stellar tidal interaction theory and the evolution of lower mass stars. There is strong evidence that chromospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Paul A. Mason , Jorge I. Zuluaga , Pablo A. Cuartas-Restrepo , Joni M. Clark