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Code comments are important artifacts in software systems and play a paramount role in many software engineering (SE) tasks related to maintenance and program comprehension. However, while it is widely accepted that high quality matters in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Pooja Rani , Arianna Blasi , Nataliia Stulova , Sebastiano Panichella , Alessandra Gorla , Oscar Nierstrasz

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4, Claude and LLaMA have shown impressive performance in code generation, typically evaluated using benchmarks (e.g., HumanEval). However, effective code generation requires models to understand and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Md Ahasanuzzaman , Bram Adams , Emad Fallahzadeh , Gustavo A. Oliva , Ahmed E. Hassan

Background. Pull requests are a common practice for contributing and reviewing contributions, and are employed both in open-source and industrial contexts. One of the main goals of code reviews is to find defects in the code, allowing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Vili Nikkola , Nyyti Saarimäki , Davide Taibi

In the pull-based development model, code contributions are submitted as pull requests (PRs) to undergo reviews and approval by other developers with the goal of being merged into the code base. A PR can be supported by a description, whose…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Shirin Pirouzkhah , Pavlína Wurzel Gonçalves , Alberto Bacchelli

Code review is a common practice in software development and often conducted before code changes are merged into the code repository. A number of approaches for automatically recommending appropriate reviewers have been proposed to match…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ruiyin Li , Peng Liang , Paris Avgeriou

Code review is a well-established and valued practice in the software engineering community contributing to both code quality and interpersonal benefits. However, there are challenges in both tools and processes that give rise to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Lo Gullstrand Heander , Emma Söderberg , Christofer Rydenfält

During code reviews, an essential step in software quality assurance, reviewers have the difficult task of understanding and evaluating code changes to validate their quality and prevent introducing faults to the codebase. This is a tedious…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Doriane Olewicki , Sarra Habchi , Bram Adams

A central function of code review is to increase understanding; helping reviewers understand a code change aids in knowledge transfer and finding bugs. Comments in code largely serve a similar purpose, helping future readers understand the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Nikitha Rao , Jason Tsay , Martin Hirzel , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Background: Research software is crucial for enabling research discoveries and supporting data analysis, simulation, and interpretation across domains. However, evolving requirements, complex inputs, and legacy dependencies hinder the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Md Ariful Islam Malik , Jeffrey C. Carver , Nasir U. Eisty

Context: Software code reviews are an important part of the development process, leading to better software quality and reduced overall costs. However, finding appropriate code reviewers is a complex and time-consuming task. Goals: In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Jakub Lipcak , Bruno Rossi

The modern code review process is an integral part of the current software development practice. Considerable effort is given here to inspect code changes, find defects, suggest an improvement, and address the suggestions of the reviewers.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Md. Khairul Islam , Toufique Ahmed , Rifat Shahriyar , Anindya Iqbal , Gias Uddin

Modern code review is a critical and indispensable practice in a pull-request development paradigm that prevails in Open Source Software (OSS) development. Finding a suitable reviewer in projects with massive participants thus becomes an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Guoping Rong , Yifan Zhang , Lanxin Yang , Fuli Zhang , Hongyu Kuang , He Zhang

Code review is an effective software quality assurance activity; however, it is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Thus, a number of generation-based automatic code review (ACR) approaches have been proposed recently, which leverage deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Xin Zhou , Kisub Kim , Bowen Xu , DongGyun Han , Junda He , David Lo

Background: Pull-based development has shaped the practice of Modern Code Review (MCR), in which reviewers can contribute code improvements, such as refactorings, through comments and commits in Pull Requests (PRs). Past MCR studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Flávia Coelho , Nikolaos Tsantalis , Tiago Massoni , Everton L. G. Alves

Change-based code review is used widely in industrial software development. Thus, research on tools that help the reviewer to achieve better review performance can have a high impact. We analyze one possibility to provide cognitive support…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Tobias Baum , Steffen Herbold , Kurt Schneider

State-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive code generation capabilities but struggle with real-world software engineering tasks, such as revising source code to address code reviews, hindering their practical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hong Yi Lin , Chunhua Liu , Haoyu Gao , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Christoph Treude

Modern code review is a process in which an incremental code contribution made by a code author is reviewed by one or more peers before it is committed to the version control system. An important element of modern code review is verifying…

Traditional code search engines often do not perform well with natural language queries since they mostly apply keyword matching. These engines thus need carefully designed queries containing information about programming APIs for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Chanchal K. Roy , David Lo

Large language models that enhance software development tasks, such as code generation, code completion, and code question answering (QA), have been extensively studied in both academia and the industry. The models are integrated into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Jialiang Chen , Kaifa Zhao , Jie Liu , Chao Peng , Jierui Liu , Hang Zhu , Pengfei Gao , Ping Yang , Shuiguang Deng

Background: Research software is software developed by and/or used by researchers, across a wide variety of domains, to perform their research. Because of the complexity of research software, developers cannot conduct exhaustive testing. As…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Nasir U. Eisty , Jeffrey C. Carver