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Retinal imaging has emerged as a powerful, non-invasive modality for detecting and quantifying biomarkers of systemic diseases-ranging from diabetes and hypertension to Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disorders but current insights…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Tariq M Khan , Toufique Ahmed Soomro , Imran Razzak

Tiny Machine Learning enables real-time, energy-efficient data processing directly on microcontrollers, making it ideal for Internet of Things sensor networks. This paper presents a compact TinyML pipeline for detecting anomalies in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Amar Almaini , Jakob Folz , Ghadeer Ashour

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a non-invasive tool for predicting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Current ECG-based diagnosis systems show promising performance owing to the rapid development of deep learning techniques. However, the label…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Rushuang Zhou , Lei Lu , Zijun Liu , Ting Xiang , Zhen Liang , David A. Clifton , Yining Dong , Yuan-Ting Zhang

With the surge of inexpensive computational and memory resources, neural networks (NNs) have experienced an unprecedented growth in architectural and computational complexity. Introducing NNs to resource-constrained devices enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Lennart Heim , Andreas Biri , Zhongnan Qu , Lothar Thiele

Cardiovascular disease has become one of the most significant threats endangering human life and health. Recently, Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring has been transformed into remote cardiac monitoring by Holter surveillance. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Peng Wang , Zihuai Lin , Xucun Yan , Zijiao Chen , Ming Ding , Yang Song , Lu Meng

This project addresses the need for efficient, real-time analysis of biomedical signals such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and electroencephalograms (EEG) for continuous health monitoring. Traditional methods rely on long-duration data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Jinhai Hu

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder associated with deadly and debilitating consequences including heart failure, stroke, poor mental health, reduced quality of life and death. Having an automatic system…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-31 Philip Warrick , Masun Nabhan Homsi

Precise and effective processing of cardiac imaging data is critical for the identification and management of the cardiovascular diseases. We introduce IntelliCardiac, a comprehensive, web-based medical image processing platform for the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-09 Ting Yu Tsai , An Yu , Meghana Spurthi Maadugundu , Ishrat Jahan Mohima , Umme Habiba Barsha , Mei-Hwa F. Chen , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran , Ming-Ching Chang

We consider the use of a running measure of power spectrum disorder to distinguish between the normal sinus rhythm of the heart and two forms of cardiac arrhythmia: atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. This spectral entropy measure is…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-02-16 Phillip P. A. Staniczenko , Chiu Fan Lee , Nick S. Jones

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia and major risk factor for cardiovascular complications. While commercially available devices and supporting Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms exist for reliable detection of AF, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Dominik Loroch , Johannes Feldmann , Vladimir Rybalkin , Norbert Wehn

In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a significant proportion of medical diagnostic equipment remains underutilized or non-functional due to a lack of timely maintenance, limited access to technical expertise, and minimal support…

Traditional machine learning models often require powerful hardware, making them unsuitable for deployment on resource-limited devices. Tiny Machine Learning (tinyML) has emerged as a promising approach for running machine learning models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Hasib-Al Rashid , Argho Sarkar , Aryya Gangopadhyay , Maryam Rahnemoonfar , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Recent advances in Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) empower low-footprint embedded devices for real-time on-device Machine Learning. While many acknowledge the potential benefits of TinyML, its practical implementation presents unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Haoyu Ren , Xue Li , Darko Anicic , Thomas A. Runkler

A wrist-worn PPG sensor coupled with a lightweight algorithm can run on a MCU to enable non-invasive and comfortable monitoring, but ensuring robust PPG-based heart-rate monitoring in the presence of motion artifacts is still an open…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Matteo Risso , Alessio Burrello , Daniele Jahier Pagliari , Simone Benatti , Enrico Macii , Luca Benini , Massimo Poncino

The leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with coronary artery disease (CAD) being the largest sub-category. Unfortunately, myocardial infarction or stroke can manifest as the first symptom of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Matthew Fynn , Kayapanda Mandana , Javed Rashid , Sven Nordholm , Yue Rong , Goutam Saha

Virtual heart models have been proposed to enhance the safety of implantable cardiac devices through closed loop validation. To communicate with a virtual heart, devices have been driven by cardiac signals at specific sites. As a result,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-06 Weiwei Ai , Nitish Patel , Partha Roop , Avinash Malik , Nathan Allen , Mark L. Trew

In memory computing (IMC) architectures for deep learning (DL) accelerators leverage energy-efficient and highly parallel matrix vector multiplication (MVM) operations, implemented directly in memory arrays. Such IMC designs have been…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Arkapravo Ghosh , Hemkar Reddy Sadana , Mukut Debnath , Panthadip Maji , Shubham Negi , Sumeet Gupta , Mrigank Sharad , Kaushik Roy

The state-of-the-art cardiovascular disease diagnosis techniques use machine-learning algorithms based on feature extraction and classification. In this work, in contrast to a conventional single Electrocardiogram (ECG) lead, two leads are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Cheng Guo , Sajid Ahmed , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The Continuous Learning (CL) paradigm consists of continuously evolving the parameters of the Deep Neural Network (DNN) model to progressively learn to perform new tasks without reducing the performance on previous tasks, i.e., avoiding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Eugenio Ressa , Alberto Marchisio , Maurizio Martina , Guido Masera , Muhammad Shafique