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Since the introduction of fifth-generation new radio (5G-NR) in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 15, swift progress has been made to evolve 5G with 3GPP Release 18 emerging. A critical aspect is the design of massive…
The advent of the wireless communications systems augurs new cutting-edge technologies, including self-driving vehicles, unmanned aerial systems, autonomous robots, Internet-of-Things, and virtual reality. These technologies require high…
The 5th wireless communication (5G) techniques not only fulfil the requirement of $1,000$ times increase of internet traffic in the next decade, but also offer the underlying technologies to the entire industry and ecology for internet of…
The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) completed the first global 5th generation (5G) new radio (NR) standard in its Release 15, paving the way for making 5G a commercial reality. So, what is next in NR evolution to further expand…
The recent upsurge of diversified mobile applications, especially those supported by AI, is spurring heated discussions on the future evolution of wireless communications. While 5G is being deployed around the world, efforts from industry…
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) paradigm has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing industrial processes by integrating advanced wireless technologies into traditional procedures to enhance their efficiency. The…
The definition of sixth-generation (6G) systems is being shaped by early standardization efforts, including the 3GPP TR 38.914 (Release 20) study on scenarios and requirements. This study introduces a comprehensive set of deployment…
This article documents one of the world's first standards-compliant pre-commercial end-to-end 5th generation (5G) systems. Focus is on a standardized 5G architecture which includes the underlying 3GPP components but also the ETSI Network…
Fifth-generation (5G) systems are designed to enable convergent access-agnostic service availability. This means that 5G services will be available over 5G New Radio air interface and also through other non-Third Generation Partnership…
The thriving of artificial intelligence (AI) applications is driving the further evolution of wireless networks. It has been envisioned that 6G will be transformative and will revolutionize the evolution of wireless from "connected things"…
The vision for 6G aims to enhance network capabilities with faster data rates, near-zero latency, and higher capacity, supporting more connected devices and seamless experiences within an intelligent digital ecosystem where artificial…
Devices with multiple Subscriber Identification Modules (SIM)s are expected to prevail over the conventional devices with only one SIM. Despite the growing demand for such devices, only proprietary solutions are available so far. To fill…
The global 6G vision has taken its shape after years of international research and development efforts. This work culminated in ITU-R Recommendation on "IMT-2030 Framework". While the definition phase of technological requirements is…
The first release of the 5G protocol specifications, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 15, were published in December 2017 and the first 5G protocol security specifications in March 2018. As one of the technology…
Industry is at the forefront of adopting new technologies, and the process followed by the adoption has a significant impact on the economy and society. In this work, we focus on analysing the current paradigm in which industry evolves,…
With the rapid development of smart terminals and infrastructures, as well as diversified applications (e.g., virtual and augmented reality, remote surgery and holographic projection) with colorful requirements, current networks (e.g., 4G…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is pivotal in advancing mobile network systems by facilitating smart capabilities and automation. The transition from 4G to 5G has substantial implications for AI in consolidating a network predominantly geared…
While fifth-generation (5G) communications are being rolled out worldwide, sixth-generation (6G) communications have attracted much attention from both the industry and the academia. Compared with 5G, 6G will have a wider frequency band,…
The widespread adoption of the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks has brought new opportunities for the development of localization-based services. High-accuracy positioning use cases and functionalities defined by the standards are…
The ongoing evolution of 5G and its enhanced version, 5G+, has significantly transformed the telecommunications landscape, driving an unprecedented demand for ultra-high-speed data transmission, ultra-low latency, and resilient…