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Subgraph GNNs enhance message-passing GNNs expressivity by representing graphs as sets of subgraphs, demonstrating impressive performance across various tasks. However, their scalability is hindered by the need to process large numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Guy Bar-Shalom , Yam Eitan , Fabrizio Frasca , Haggai Maron

Recent work in graph neural networks (GNNs) has led to improvements in molecular activity and property prediction tasks. Unfortunately, GNNs often fail to capture the relative importance of interactions between molecular substructures, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Emmanuel Noutahi , Dominique Beaini , Julien Horwood , Sébastien Giguère , Prudencio Tossou

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful tool to learn representations on graphs by iteratively aggregating features from node neighbourhoods. Many variant models have been proposed, but there is limited understanding on both how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Michael Lingzhi Li , Meng Dong , Jiawei Zhou , Alexander M. Rush

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), despite achieving remarkable performance across different tasks, are theoretically bounded by the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehman test, resulting in limitations in terms of graph expressivity. Even though prior works on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Quang Truong , Peter Chin

Numerous subgraph-enhanced graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged recently, provably boosting the expressive power of standard (message-passing) GNNs. However, there is a limited understanding of how these approaches relate to each other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Chendi Qian , Gaurav Rattan , Floris Geerts , Christopher Morris , Mathias Niepert

We study and compare different Graph Neural Network extensions that increase the expressive power of GNNs beyond the Weisfeiler-Leman test. We focus on (i) GNNs based on higher order WL methods, (ii) GNNs that preprocess small substructures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Pál András Papp , Roger Wattenhofer

We propose a Graph Neural Network with greater expressive power than commonly used GNNs - not constrained to only differentiate between graphs that Weisfeiler-Lehman test recognizes to be non-isomorphic. We use a graph attention network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Stanisław Purgał

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have excelled in learning from graph-structured data, especially in understanding the relationships within a single graph, i.e., intra-graph relationships. Despite their successes, GNNs are limited by neglecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Qi Zou , Na Yu , Daoliang Zhang , Wei Zhang , Rui Gao

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful architecture for tackling graph learning tasks, yet have been shown to be oblivious to eminent substructures such as cycles. We present TOGL, a novel layer that incorporates global topological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Max Horn , Edward De Brouwer , Michael Moor , Yves Moreau , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

Robustness in complex systems is of significant engineering and economic importance. However, conventional attack-based a posteriori robustness assessments incur prohibitive computational overhead. Recently, deep learning methods, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Chengyu Tian , Wenbin Pei

Subgraph classification is an emerging field in graph representation learning where the task is to classify a group of nodes (i.e., a subgraph) within a graph. Subgraph classification has applications such as predicting the cellular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Shweta Ann Jacob , Paul Louis , Amirali Salehi-Abari

Message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) are the leading architecture for deep learning on graph-structured data, in large part due to their simplicity and scalability. Unfortunately, it was shown that these architectures are limited in…

There has been tremendous success in the field of graph neural networks (GNNs) as a result of the development of the message-passing (MP) layer, which updates the representation of a node by combining it with its neighbors to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Hyeokjin Kwon , Jong-Min Lee

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are one of the most popular approaches to using deep learning on graph-structured data, and they have shown state-of-the-art performances on a variety of tasks. However, according to a recent study, a careful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Jihoon Ko , Taehyung Kwon , Kijung Shin , Juho Lee

Rule learning is critical to improving knowledge graph (KG) reasoning due to their ability to provide logical and interpretable explanations. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with tail entity scoring achieve the state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Haiquan Qiu , Yongqi Zhang , Yong Li , Quanming Yao

Message passing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) provide a powerful modeling framework for relational data. However, the expressive power of existing GNNs is upper-bounded by the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehman (1-WL) graph isomorphism test, which means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Jiaxuan You , Jonathan Gomes-Selman , Rex Ying , Jure Leskovec

In this paper we cast neural networks defined on graphs as message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) in order to study the distinguishing power of different classes of such models. We are interested in whether certain architectures are able…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Floris Geerts , Filip Mazowiecki , Guillermo A. Pérez

Identifying similar network structures is key to capture graph isomorphisms and learn representations that exploit structural information encoded in graph data. This work shows that ego-networks can produce a structural encoding scheme for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Nurudin Alvarez-Gonzalez , Andreas Kaltenbrunner , Vicenç Gómez

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are an effective framework for representation learning of graphs. GNNs follow a neighborhood aggregation scheme, where the representation vector of a node is computed by recursively aggregating and transforming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Keyulu Xu , Weihua Hu , Jure Leskovec , Stefanie Jegelka

This paper advocates incorporating a Low-Rank Global Attention (LRGA) module, a computation and memory efficient variant of the dot-product attention (Vaswani et al., 2017), to Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for improving their generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Omri Puny , Heli Ben-Hamu , Yaron Lipman