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Related papers: Count on CFI graphs for #P-hardness

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Subgraph isomorphism counting is known as #P-complete and requires exponential time to find the accurate solution. Utilizing representation learning has been shown as a promising direction to represent substructures and approximate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xin Liu , Weiqi Wang , Jiaxin Bai , Yangqiu Song

Let $k$ be an integer. Two vertex $k$-colorings of a graph are \emph{adjacent} if they differ on exactly one vertex. A graph is \emph{$k$-mixing} if any proper $k$-coloring can be transformed into any other through a sequence of adjacent…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-03-26 Marthe Bonamy , Nicolas Bousquet

Minimum cost homomorphism problems can be viewed as a generalization of list homomorphism problems. They also extend two well-known graph colouring problems: the minimum colour sum problem and the optimum cost chromatic partition problem.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Pavol Hell , Mayssam Mohammadi Nevisi

In recent years, much attention has been placed on the complexity of graph homomorphism problems when the input is restricted to ${\mathbb P}_k$-free and ${\mathbb P}_k$-subgraph-free graphs. We consider the directed version of this…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Santiago Guzmán-Pro , Barnaby Martin

A C-coloring of a hypergraph ${\cal H}=(X,{\cal E})$ is a vertex coloring $\varphi: X\to {\mathbb{N}}$ such that each edge $E\in{\cal E}$ has at least two vertices with a common color. The related parameter $\overline{\chi}({\cal H})$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-31 Csilla Bujtás , Zsolt Tuza

Given a graph $H$, we investigate the $d$-regular graphs $G$ with the highest $H$-density. We reframe the problem as a continuous optimization problem on the eigenvalues of $G$ by relating injective homomorphism numbers from $H$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Gabor Lippner , Arturo Ortiz San Miguel

We prove that if $G$ and $H$ are primitive strongly regular graphs with the same parameters and $\varphi$ is a homomorphism from $G$ to $H$, then $\varphi$ is either an isomorphism or a coloring (homomorphism to a complete subgraph).…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-18 David E. Roberson

For a fixed digraph $\mathbb H$, the $\mathbb H$-coloring problem is the problem of deciding whether a given input digraph $\mathbb G$ admits a homomorphism to $\mathbb H$. The CSP dichotomy conjecture of Feder and Vardi is equivalent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Jakub Bulín

A signed graph $(G, \sigma)$ is a graph $G$ along with a function $\sigma: E(G) \to \{+,-\}$. A closed walk of a signed graph is positive (resp., negative) if it has an even (resp., odd) number of negative edges, counting repetitions. A…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Julien Bensmail , Sandip Das , Soumen Nandi , Théo Pierron , Sagnik Sen , Eric Sopena

For given graph $H$, the independence number $\alpha(H)$ of $H$, is the size of the maximum independent set of $V(H)$. Finding the maximum independent set in a graph is a NP-hard problem. Another version of the independence number is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Yaser Rowshan

The problem of computing all maximal induced subgraphs of a graph G that have a graph property P, also called the maximal P-subgraphs problem, is considered. This problem is studied for hereditary, connected-hereditary and rooted-hereditary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sara Cohen , Yehoshua Sagiv

This work derives an upper bound on the maximum cardinality of a family of graphs on a fixed number of vertices, in which the intersection of every two graphs in that family contains a subgraph that is isomorphic to a specified graph H.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Igal Sason

The 3-coloring of hereditary graph classes has been a deeply-researched problem in the last decade. A hereditary graph class is characterized by a (possibly infinite) list of minimal forbidden induced subgraphs $H_1,H_2,\ldots$; the graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Vít Jelínek , Tereza Klimošová , Tomáš Masařík , Jana Novotná , Aneta Pokorná

We study the problem HomsTo$H$ of counting, modulo 2, the homomorphisms from an input graph to a fixed undirected graph $H$. A characteristic feature of modular counting is that cancellations make wider classes of instances tractable than…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-08-27 Andreas Göbel , Leslie Ann Goldberg , David Richerby

For a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is an $H$-graph if it is an intersection graph of connected subgraphs of some subdivision of $H$. $H$-graphs naturally generalize several important graph classes like interval or circular-arc graph. This class…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Jean-Florent Raymond

The interplay of minimum degree conditions and structural properties of large graphs with forbidden subgraphs is a central topic in extremal graph theory. For a given graph $F$ we define the homomorphism threshold as the infimum over all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Oliver Ebsen , Mathias Schacht

For graphs $G$ and $H$, a {\em homomorphism} from $G$ to $H$, or {\em $H$-coloring} of $G$, is an adjacency preserving map from the vertex set of $G$ to the vertex set of $H$. Writing ${\rm hom}(G,H)$ for the number of $H$-colorings…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-15 David Galvin

Lov\'asz (1967) showed that two graphs $G$ and $H$ are isomorphic if, and only if, they are homomorphism indistinguishable over all graphs, i.e., $G$ and $H$ admit the same number of number of homomorphisms from every graph $F$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Daniel Neuen , Tim Seppelt

An $H$-graph is an intersection graph of connected subgraphs of a suitable subdivision of a fixed graph $H$. Many important classes of graphs, including interval graphs, circular-arc graphs, and chordal graphs, can be expressed as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Deniz Ağaoğlu Çağırıcı , Peter Zeman

The problems studied in this article originate from the Graph Motif problem introduced by Lacroix et al. in the context of biological networks. The problem is to decide if a vertex-colored graph has a connected subgraph whose colors equal a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-02-27 Sylvain Guillemot , Florian Sikora