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Code embedding models attract increasing attention due to the widespread popularity of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) in software development. These models are expected to capture the rich semantic relationships inherent to code,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chaofan Li , Jianlyu Chen , Yingxia Shao , Defu Lian , Zheng Liu

Neural ranking models (NRMs) have become one of the most important techniques in information retrieval (IR). Due to the limitation of relevance labels, the training of NRMs heavily relies on negative sampling over unlabeled data. In general…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Yinqiong Cai , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Qingyao Ai , Ruqing Zhang , Xueqi Cheng

To extract answers from a large corpus, open-domain question answering (QA) systems usually rely on information retrieval (IR) techniques to narrow the search space. Standard inverted index methods such as TF-IDF are commonly used as thanks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Wenhan Xiong , Hong Wang , William Yang Wang

Pretrained language models for code token embeddings are used in code search, code clone detection, and other code-related tasks. Similarly, code function embeddings are useful in such tasks. However, there are no out-of-box models for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Anthony Varkey , Siyuan Jiang , Weijing Huang

Quantum machine learning models use encoding circuits to map data into a quantum Hilbert space. While it is well known that the architecture of these circuits significantly influences core properties of the resulting model, they are often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Frederic Rapp , David A. Kreplin , Marco F. Huber , Marco Roth

This work investigates three methods for calculating loss for autoencoder-based pretraining of image encoders: The commonly used reconstruction loss, the more recently introduced deep perceptual similarity loss, and a feature prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Gustav Grund Pihlgren , Fredrik Sandin , Marcus Liwicki

Code search is an important and well-studied task, but it usually means searching for code by a text query. We argue that using a code snippet (and possibly an error traceback) as a query while looking for bugfixing instructions and code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ivan Sedykh , Dmitry Abulkhanov , Nikita Sorokin , Sergey Nikolenko , Valentin Malykh

Repository-level code completion aims to generate code for unfinished code snippets within the context of a specified repository. Existing approaches mainly rely on retrieval-augmented generation strategies due to limitations in input…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Yanlin Wang , Yanli Wang , Daya Guo , Jiachi Chen , Ruikai Zhang , Yuchi Ma , Zibin Zheng

Passage retrieval aims to retrieve relevant passages from large collections of the open-domain corpus. Contextual Masked Auto-Encoding has been proven effective in representation bottleneck pre-training of a monolithic dual-encoder for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Guangyuan Ma , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Songlin Hu

Duplicate removal is a critical step to accomplish a reasonable amount of predictions in prevalent proposal-based object detection frameworks. Albeit simple and effective, most previous algorithms utilize a greedy process without making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Lu Qi , Shu Liu , Jianping Shi , Jiaya Jia

Large language model (LLM) based listwise reranking has emerged as the dominant paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art ranking effectiveness in information retrieval. However, its reliance on feeding full passage texts into the LLM…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaojie Ke , Shuai Zhang , Liansheng Sun , Yongjin Wang , Hengjun Jiang , Xiangkun Liu , Cunxin Gu , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

Deep hashing has shown promising results in image retrieval and recognition. Despite its success, most existing deep hashing approaches are rather similar: either multi-layer perceptron or CNN is applied to extract image feature, followed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Zhenzhen Wang , Weixiang Hong , Junsong Yuan

Deep neural networks have exhibited remarkable performance in image super-resolution (SR) tasks by learning a mapping from low-resolution (LR) images to high-resolution (HR) images. However, the SR problem is typically an ill-posed problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yong Guo , Mingkui Tan , Zeshuai Deng , Jingdong Wang , Qi Chen , Jiezhang Cao , Yanwu Xu , Jian Chen

The two-tower architecture has been widely applied for learning item and user representations, which is important for large-scale recommender systems. Many two-tower models are trained using various in-batch negative sampling strategies,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jinpeng Wang , Jieming Zhu , Xiuqiang He

In this paper, we propose to boost low-resource cross-lingual document retrieval performance with deep bilingual query-document representations. We match queries and documents in both source and target languages with four components, each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Rui Zhang , Caitlin Westerfield , Sungrok Shim , Garrett Bingham , Alexander Fabbri , Neha Verma , William Hu , Dragomir Radev

Cascading multiple pre-trained models is an effective way to compose an end-to-end system. However, fine-tuning the full cascaded model is parameter and memory inefficient and our observations reveal that only applying adapter modules on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Zihao Cui , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Context-aware Machine Translation aims to improve translations of sentences by incorporating surrounding sentences as context. Towards this task, two main architectures have been applied, namely single-encoder (based on concatenation) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Paweł Mąka , Yusuf Can Semerci , Jan Scholtes , Gerasimos Spanakis

Code completion is widely used by software developers to provide coding suggestions given a partially written code snippet. Apart from the traditional code completion methods, which only support single token completion at minimal positions,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Jingxuan Li , Rui Huang , Wei Li , Kai Yao , Weiguo Tan

Multi-encoder models are a broad family of context-aware neural machine translation systems that aim to improve translation quality by encoding document-level contextual information alongside the current sentence. The context encoding is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Lorenzo Lupo , Marco Dinarelli , Laurent Besacier

Existing cross-encoder models can be categorized as pointwise, pairwise, or listwise. Pairwise and listwise models allow passage interactions, which typically makes them more effective than pointwise models but less efficient and less…