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We study the underlying structure of data (approximately) generated from a union of independent subspaces. Traditional methods learn only one subspace, failing to discover the multi-subspace structure, while state-of-the-art methods analyze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Binghui Wang , Chuang Lin

The variance--covariance matrix plays a central role in the inferential theories of high-dimensional factor models in finance and economics. Popular regularization methods of directly exploiting sparsity are not directly applicable to many…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-03-15 Jianqing Fan , Yuan Liao , Martina Mincheva

Bayesian factor analysis is routinely used for dimensionality reduction in modeling of high-dimensional covariance matrices. Factor analytic decompositions express the covariance as a sum of a low rank and diagonal matrix. In practice,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-02 Shounak Chattopadhyay , Anru R. Zhang , David B. Dunson

Big data is transforming our world, revolutionizing operations and analytics everywhere, from financial engineering to biomedical sciences. The complexity of big data often makes dimension reduction techniques necessary before conducting…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-08 Jianqing Fan , Qiang Sun , Wen-Xin Zhou , Ziwei Zhu

Sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) has emerged as a powerful technique for modern data analysis, providing improved interpretation of low-rank structures by identifying localized spatial structures in the data and disambiguating…

Purpose: Factor analysis (FA) has become part and parcel in metabolic syndrome (MBS) research. Both exploration- and confirmation-driven factor analyzes are rampant. However, factor analytic results on MBS differ widely. A situation that is…

Applications · Statistics 2016-09-09 Carel F. W. Peeters , James Dziura , Floryt van Wesel

The analysis of multivariate functional curves has the potential to yield important scientific discoveries in domains such as healthcare, medicine, economics and social sciences. However, it is common for real-world settings to present…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-23 Tui Nolan , Sylvia Richardson , Hélène Ruffieux

Multi-way data extend two-way matrices into higher-dimensional tensors, often explored through dimensional reduction techniques. In this paper, we study the Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) model for handling multi-way data, representing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-11 Mia Hubert , Mehdi Hirari

Slow feature analysis (SFA) is a method for extracting slowly varying features from a quickly varying multidimensional signal. An open source Matlab-implementation sfa-tk makes SFA easily useable. We show here that under certain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-12-08 Wolfgang Konen

We introduce a factor analysis model that summarizes the dependencies between observed variable groups, instead of dependencies between individual variables as standard factor analysis does. A group may correspond to one view of the same…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-19 Seppo Virtanen , Arto Klami , Suleiman A. Khan , Samuel Kaski

This is a tutorial and survey paper on factor analysis, probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PCA), variational inference, and Variational Autoencoder (VAE). These methods, which are tightly related, are dimensionality reduction and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-25 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Factor analysis models explain dependence among observed variables by a smaller number of unobserved factors. A main challenge in confirmatory factor analysis is determining whether the factor loading matrix is identifiable from the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Nils Sturma , Miriam Kranzlmueller , Irem Portakal , Mathias Drton

Navigating the complex landscape of single-cell transcriptomic data presents significant challenges. Central to this challenge is the identification of a meaningful representation of high-dimensional gene expression patterns that sheds…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-13 Mu Qiao

This paper uses Factored Latent Analysis (FLA) to learn a factorized, segmental representation for observations of tracked objects over time. Factored Latent Analysis is latent class analysis in which the observation space is subdivided and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Chris Stauffer

Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and its regularised versions have been widely used in the neuroimaging community to uncover multivariate associations between two data modalities (e.g., brain imaging and behaviour). However, these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-12 Fabio S. Ferreira , Agoston Mihalik , Rick A. Adams , John Ashburner , Janaina Mourao-Miranda

This paper proposes a hierarchical approximate-factor approach to analyzing high-dimensional, large-scale heterogeneous time series data using distributed computing. The new method employs a multiple-fold dimension reduction procedure using…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-20 Zhaoxing Gao , Ruey S. Tsay

Quantile Factor Models (QFM) represent a new class of factor models for high-dimensional panel data. Unlike Approximate Factor Models (AFM), where only location-shifting factors can be extracted, QFM also allow to recover unobserved factors…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-09-24 Liang Chen , Juan Jose Dolado , Jesus Gonzalo

The high-dimensional features extracted from large-scale unlabeled data via various pretrained models with diverse architectures are referred to as heterogeneous multiview data. Most existing unsupervised transfer learning methods fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jie Chen , Yuanbiao Gou , Chuanbin Liu , Zhu Wang , Xi Peng

Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is a common way to study the sources of variation in a high-dimensional data set. Typically, the leading principal components are used to understand the variation in the data or to reduce the dimension of…

We propose a new high dimensional semiparametric principal component analysis (PCA) method, named Copula Component Analysis (COCA). The semiparametric model assumes that, after unspecified marginally monotone transformations, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-20 Fang Han , Han Liu
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