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We demonstrate that local transformations on a composite quantum system can be enhanced in the presence of certain entangled states. These extra states act much like catalysts in a chemical reaction: they allow otherwise impossible local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Daniel Jonathan , Martin B. Plenio

Quantum channels underlie the dynamics of quantum systems, but in many practical settings it is the channels themselves that require processing. We establish universal limitations on the processing of both quantum states and channels,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Bartosz Regula , Ryuji Takagi

Catalysis refers to the possibility of performing an otherwise impossible local state transformation by sharing an additional state, i.e. a catalyst, which is returned at the end of the protocol. There is a stronger version, known as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Guillermo Díez-Pastor , Julio I. de Vicente

A central question since the beginning of quantum information science is how two distant parties can convert one entangled state into another. It has been conjectured that such conversions could be executed reversibly in an asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Ray Ganardi , Tulja Varun Kondra , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Alexander Streltsov

Bound entanglement is the noisy entanglement which cannot be distilled to a singlet form. Thus it cannot be used alone for quantum communication purposes. Here we show that, nevertheless, the bound entanglement can be, in a sense, pumped…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Pawel Horodecki , Michal Horodecki , Ryszard Horodecki

The availability of certain entangled resource states (catalyst states) can enhance the rate of converting several less entangled states into fewer highly entangled states in a process known as catalytic entanglement concentration (EC).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Hemant Sharma , Aleksandr Mokeev , Jonas Helsen , Johannes Borregaard

We study under what circumstances a separable bipartite system A-B can or cannot become entangled through local interactions with a bi-local entangled source $\text{S}_1$-$\text{S}_2$. We obtain constraints on the general forms of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 Petar Simidzija , Robert H. Jonsson , Eduardo Martin-Martinez

Given a finite dimensional pure state transformation restricted by entanglement assisted local operations and classical communication (ELOCC), we derive minimum and maximum bounds on the entanglement of an ancillary catalyst that allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 Michael Grabowecky , Gilad Gour

We demonstrate the irreversibility of asymptotic entanglement manipulation under quantum operations that completely preserve the positivity of partial transpose (PPT), resolving a major open problem in quantum information theory. Our key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Xin Wang , Runyao Duan

Determining whether a given state can be transformed into a target state using free operations is one of the fundamental questions in the study of resources theories. Free operations in resource theories can be enhanced by allowing for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Roberto Rubboli , Marco Tomamichel

We consider entanglement distillation under the assumption that the input states are allowed to be correlated among each other. We hence replace the usually considered independent and identically-distributed hypothesis by the weaker…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-27 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Jens Eisert

Even though entanglement is very vulnerable to interactions with the environment, it can be created by purely dissipative processes. Yet, the attainable degree of entanglement is profoundly limited in the presence of noise sources. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Karl Gerd H. Vollbrecht , Christine A. Muschik , J. Ignacio Cirac

Bound entanglement is a special form of quantum entanglement that cannot be used for distillation, i.e., the local transformation of copies of arbitrarily entangled states into a smaller number of approximately maximally entangled states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-01 Beatrix C. Hiesmayr , Christopher Popp , Tobias C. Sutter

In this paper we summarize the necessary condition for incomparable states which can be catalyzed under entanglement-assisted LQCC (ELQCC). When we apply an extended condition for entanglement transformation to entanglement-assisted local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 ZhengWei Zhou , GuangCan Guo

Quantum catalysts enable transformations that otherwise would be forbidden, offering a pathway to surpass conventional limits in quantum information processing. Among them, embezzling catalysts stand out for achieving near-perfect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Haitao Ma , Yantong Li , Yingchun Kang , Bing Yu , Junjing Xing , Zhaobing Fan , Yunlong Xiao

Entanglement is not only the resource that fuels many quantum technologies but also plays a key role for some of the most profound open questions of fundamental physics. Experiments controlling quantum systems at the single quantum level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Bjarne Bergh , Martin Gärttner

We address the presence of non-distillable (bound) entanglement in natural many-body systems. In particular, we consider standard harmonic and spin-1/2 chains, at thermal equilibrium and characterized by few interaction parameters. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Cavalcanti , A. Ferraro , A. Garcia-Saez , A. Acin

We show that the entanglement of cost and entanglement of distillation can be vague when we consider a more general form of entanglement manipulation in which we collectively deal with not only states of our concern but also other states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 W. -Y. Hwang , K. Matsumoto

The resource theory of quantum coherence is an important topic in quantum information science. Standard coherence distillation and dilution problems have been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we introduce and study the problem of one-shot…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Senrui Chen , Xingjian Zhang , You Zhou , Qi Zhao

We show that, in a multi-party setting, two non-distillable (bound-entangled) states tensored together can make a distillable state. This is an example of true superadditivity of distillable entanglement. We also show that unlockable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter W. Shor , John A. Smolin , Ashish V. Thapliyal