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Iterative generative models, such as noise conditional score networks and denoising diffusion probabilistic models, produce high quality samples by gradually denoising an initial noise vector. However, their denoising process has many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Eric Luhman , Troy Luhman

We study a discrete denoising diffusion framework that integrates a sample-efficient estimator of single-site conditionals with round-robin noising and denoising dynamics for generative modeling over discrete state spaces. Rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Abhijith Jayakumar , Andrey Y. Lokhov

Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) perturb data to a target noise distribution and reverse this process to generate samples. The choice of noising process, or inference diffusion process, affects both likelihoods and sample quality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Raghav Singhal , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

In medical applications, weakly supervised anomaly detection methods are of great interest, as only image-level annotations are required for training. Current anomaly detection methods mainly rely on generative adversarial networks or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Julia Wolleb , Florentin Bieder , Robin Sandkühler , Philippe C. Cattin

In supervised learning for image denoising, usually the paired clean images and noisy images are collected or synthesised to train a denoising model. L2 norm loss or other distance functions are used as the objective function for training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yutong Xie , Minne Yuan , Bin Dong , Quanzheng Li

Low-light photography produces images with low signal-to-noise ratios due to limited photons. In such conditions, common approximations like the Gaussian noise model fall short, and many denoising techniques fail to remove noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Liying Lu , Raphaël Achddou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Diffusion models generate new samples by progressively decreasing the noise from the initially provided random distribution. This inference procedure generally utilizes a trained neural network numerous times to obtain the final output,…

Diffusion models have recently brought a powerful revolution in image generation. Despite showing impressive generative capabilities, most of these models rely on the current sample to denoise the next one, possibly resulting in denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Yurui Qian , Qi Cai , Yingwei Pan , Yehao Li , Ting Yao , Qibin Sun , Tao Mei

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that map noise to data using stochastic processes. However, for many applications such as image editing, the model input comes from a distribution that is not random noise. As such, diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Samar Khanna , Stefano Ermon

Image deblurring is an ill-posed problem with multiple plausible solutions for a given input image. However, most existing methods produce a deterministic estimate of the clean image and are trained to minimize pixel-level distortion. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jay Whang , Mauricio Delbracio , Hossein Talebi , Chitwan Saharia , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Peyman Milanfar

We provide an overview of the diffusion model as a method to generate new samples. Generative models have been recently adopted for tasks such as art generation (Stable Diffusion, Dall-E) and text generation (ChatGPT). Diffusion models in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Justin Le

Diffusion Probabilistic Models stand as a critical tool in generative modelling, enabling the generation of complex data distributions. This family of generative models yields record-breaking performance in tasks such as image synthesis,…

We present high quality image synthesis results using diffusion probabilistic models, a class of latent variable models inspired by considerations from nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Our best results are obtained by training on a weighted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Jonathan Ho , Ajay Jain , Pieter Abbeel

We investigate the approximation efficiency of score functions by deep neural networks in diffusion-based generative modeling. While existing approximation theories utilize the smoothness of score functions, they suffer from the curse of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Song Mei , Yuchen Wu

Denoising diffusion models represent a recent emerging topic in computer vision, demonstrating remarkable results in the area of generative modeling. A diffusion model is a deep generative model that is based on two stages, a forward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Florinel-Alin Croitoru , Vlad Hondru , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Mubarak Shah

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative tasks in deep learning. They decompose generative modeling into two computational primitives: deterministic neural-network evaluation and stochastic sampling. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nihal Sanjay Singh , Mazdak Mohseni-Rajaee , Shaila Niazi , Kerem Y. Camsari

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) are a class of generative models which have recently been shown to produce excellent samples. We show that with a few simple modifications, DDPMs can also achieve competitive log-likelihoods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Alex Nichol , Prafulla Dhariwal

Large denoising diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, have been trained on billions of image-caption pairs to perform text-conditioned image generation. As a byproduct of this training, these models have acquired general knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Alexandros Graikos , Nebojsa Jojic , Dimitris Samaras

Model-based reinforcement learning methods often use learning only for the purpose of estimating an approximate dynamics model, offloading the rest of the decision-making work to classical trajectory optimizers. While conceptually simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Sergey Levine

Recent work on diffusion models proposed that they operate in two regimes: memorization, in which models reproduce their training data, and generalization, in which they generate novel samples. While this has been tested in high-noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Elizabeth Pavlova , Xue-Xin Wei